Probably, every user on his way to the heights of computer mastery asks the questions: How can I speed up the system? How to make work more comfortable? And here numerous “registry tweaks”, tweaks, boosters and optimizers come into play. Some users, caught up in this process, even gain the very valuable experience of reinstalling a system that has been optimized to death.
But now let's leave such entertainment for a while and try to look at the problem from the other side. Completely different. For example, two people have cars (no, not Pentiums or Athlones, but the cars they drive). These two people get behind the wheel and race. And it turns out that one of them drives faster. You can, of course, say that his car is more powerful. But let's put them behind the same cars. Somebody will go faster anyway. Because he CAN drive fast. It’s the same with those machines that are computers. Someone barely presses the buttons, performing one useful action in five minutes. And for some, their fingers simply flutter over the keyboard, windows on the screen change at such a speed that less experienced users do not even have time to understand what is happening.
So, we conclude: in order to increase the productivity of your communication with a computer, you need to master the means of this very communication. What means do we have? Mouse and keyboard. There are not so many buttons on the mouse, and their purpose is immediately clear. But the keyboard... A bunch of keys, usually 105 or 106, and if everything is clear with letters and numbers, then with the rest of the keys it’s not so simple. But there are also key combinations! Even an advanced user may not know some of the secrets here.
Let's say right away that any self-respecting computer scientist should master the ten-finger touch typing method. Why so categorical? Simple arithmetic: how many times a day do you have to press keys on your keyboard? We can assume that quite a lot, even if you do not type several sheets of text, but limit yourself to typing Internet addresses in your favorite browser or entering a network password. Count how much time you spend looking down at the keyboard, finding the right key, placing your finger on it and pressing it. Now imagine how much shorter this procedure will be if you don’t have to look at the keyboard and search for the right key. To train a blind ten-finger finger, it takes a week or two of daily lessons for several hours. And for the rest of your life, you will gain the ability to work with a keyboard much faster and, undoubtedly, more comfortably than before. Draw your own conclusions.
Now let's figure out WHAT you need to press, or, simply put, what key combinations there are and what you can do with them. Windows Help says: "When using Windows, use keyboard shortcuts instead of the mouse. Using keyboard shortcuts, you can open, close, and navigate the Start menu, the desktop, various menus and dialog boxes, and web pages. Using shortcuts keys will make it easier to interact with the computer." And this is undoubtedly the truth.
Now let's finally get down to business and start studying these very combinations. The first table shows the most commonly used ones. If you still don't use them, get them on board immediately.
Note for complete novice users: the "+" sign between the key designations means that these keys should be pressed together, and in the order in which they are indicated. So, for example, if you see the message “press CTRL+C”, this means that you need to first press the CTRL key, and then, without releasing it, press the C key and then release them in the reverse order. If you press the C key first, and then CTRL, something completely different from what you intended will happen...
Key combinations. Table 1
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+C, CTRL+INS | Copy |
| CTRL+V, SHIFT+INS | Insert |
| CTRL+X | cutting |
| SHIFT+DEL | When working with text - cutting, when working with files - deleting without placing in the trash |
| CTRL+Z | Undo last action |
| Hold down CTRL while dragging an element | Copying a dragged element |
| Hold down CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an element | Create a shortcut for a dragged element |
| F2 | Rename a selected object |
| CTRL + RIGHT ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the next word |
| CTRL + LEFT ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word |
| CTRL + DOWN ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the next paragraph |
| CTRL + UP ARROW | Move the cursor to the beginning of the previous paragraph |
| CTRL + SHIFT with any arrow | Selecting a paragraph |
| SHIFT with any arrow | Select multiple items in a window or desktop, or select text in a document |
| CTRL+A | Select all |
| F3 | Open search window |
| ALT+ENTER, ALT+double click | Launching the properties window for the selected object |
| ALT+F4 | Close active window |
| ALT + SPACEBAR | Open the system menu of the active window |
| ALT+minus | Open the system menu of a child window in a program that allows simultaneous work with several windows |
| CTRL+F4 | Close the active document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents |
| ALT+TAB | Go to next window |
| ALT+SHIFT+TAB | Go to the next window in the opposite direction |
| ALT+F6 | Moving to the next document in a program that allows simultaneous work with several documents |
| ALT+ESC | Switch between items in the order they were opened |
| F6 | Switch between screen elements in a window or desktop |
| F4 | Display the address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer |
| SHIFT+F10 | Open the context menu for the selected element |
| CTRL+ESC | Opening the Start menu |
| ALT + underlined letter in menu title | Display the corresponding menu |
| Underlined letter in open menu command name | Execute the appropriate command |
| F10 | Activating the menu bar of the current program |
| F5 | Refresh active window |
| BACKSPACE | View a folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. When working with text, delete the character to the left of the cursor." |
| DELETE | When working with files, delete the file to the trash. When working with text, delete the character to the right of the cursor |
| ESC | Cancel current action |
| SHIFT when inserting a CD into the drive | Refusal of automatic start |
Now let's see what you can do with the keyboard in dialog boxes.
Key combinations. Table 2
For those who prefer to work with Windows Explorer, the following table will be useful, which shows ways to work with the directory tree.
Key combinations. Table 3
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| Up and down arrows | Navigating the Explorer Tree |
| END and HOME | Move to the bottom and top position of the tree respectively |
| "*" (asterisk) on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Display all folders subordinate to the selected directory |
| Plus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Expands the selected branch |
| Minus sign on the numeric keypad. Num Lock enabled | Collapses the selected branch |
| Left arrow | Collapses the selected branch, or branches to the parent branch |
| Right arrow | Expands the selected branch, or navigates to the first subfolder |
Among other things, your keyboard most likely has special keys that open up additional options. These are the Windows key, the context menu key, and the Turbo or Fn key. The Turbo key (aka Fn) in combination with the F11 key locks the keyboard. And, accordingly, it unlocks by pressing the same combination again. The purpose of the context menu button is clear from its name. As an alternative, you can use the combination SHIFT+F10. For those who have not yet understood: using this button, they call up the context menu, that is, the menu that is usually called up by right-clicking on an object.
Now let's look at the Windows key.
Key combinations. Table 4
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| Win | Opens the "Start" menu |
| Win+D | Minimizes windows, press again - maximizes them |
| Win+M | Minimizes windows except dialog ones |
| Win+SHIFT+M | Maximizes windows |
| Win+E | Launching Explorer |
| Win+R | Launching the Run dialog box |
| Win+F | Search |
| Win+CTRL+F | Search for a computer |
| Win+F1 | Launch Windows Help |
| Win+U | Opening Utility Manager |
| Win+BREAK | Opening the system properties window |
| Win+L | For Windows XP - blocking the computer, or, if the computer is not included in the domain, switching users |
| Win+TAB | Switch between buttons on the taskbar. By clicking on any button, you can expand the selected window by pressing Enter. |
Now let's talk about quickly launching programs. Firstly, you can use the Run window, which, as you already know, is opened by pressing the Win+R key combination. Below is a short list of the most commonly used commands entered into the Run window.
Key combinations. Table 5
| Team | What's running |
|---|---|
| cmd, command | Command line |
| notepad | Notebook |
| wordpad | Text editor WordPad |
| calc | Calculator |
| mspaint | Graphic editor Paint |
| regedit | Registry Editor |
| winmine | "Mine Mines" game |
| control | Control Panel |
| x: | Explorer window with table of contents of disk directories (x - drive letter) |
| excel | Excel Spreadsheets |
| winword | Word processor |
If you are too lazy to type commands, you can do the following. Create a shortcut for a program or document that you plan to run frequently. Open the shortcut properties and in the "Shortcut" line, specify the key combination that will launch this shortcut.
Since you use the Windows operating system, then most likely you also have Microsoft Office installed. And, probably, you sometimes (and maybe often) have to create text documents using Word. But the text must not only be created, it must also be formatted. And to do this, you have to look up from the keyboard and use your mouse to poke at buttons and menus: alignment, underlining, font size... And if you type quickly (haven’t you forgotten that you absolutely need to master the touch typing method?), then get distracted by You don’t want a mouse at all, because it wastes quite a lot of time. So, to optimize yourself yourself, it would not hurt you to learn how to use the keyboard to format text.
By default, the most frequently used commands have keyboard shortcuts already configured. If you want to see which combination is used for which command, or even reconfigure it to your own combinations, go here: Tools - Settings - Commands tab - Keyboard button.
Well, below are some default combinations. Learn and use.
Character Formatting
Key combinations. Table 6
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+SHIFT+F | Font selection |
| CTRL+SHIFT+P | Selecting font size |
| CTRL+D | Window for changing font format |
| SHIFT+F3 | Changing the case of letters |
| CTRL+SHIFT+A | Convert all letters to uppercase and back |
| CTRL+B | Adding bold style |
| CTRL+U | Underline text |
| CTRL+SHIFT+W | Underline words but not spaces |
| CTRL+SHIFT+D | Double underline text |
| CTRL+SHIFT+H | Convert to hidden text |
| CTRL+I | Adding italics |
| CTRL+SHIFT+K | Convert all letters to small caps |
| CTRL+"=" (equal sign) | Convert to subscript |
| CTRL+ALT+SHIFT+X | Convert to superscript |
| CTRL+SPACEBAR | Removing additional formatting from selected characters |
| CTRL+SHIFT+Q | Designing selected characters in Symbol font |
| CTRL+SHIFT+8 | Displaying non-printing characters |
| SHIFT+F1 (then click the text of interest) | Displaying character formatting information |
| CTRL+SHIFT+C | Copy formatting |
| CTRL+SHIFT+V | Paste formatting |
Formatting Paragraphs
Key combinations. Table 7
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| CTRL+0 (zero) | Increase or decrease the space before the current paragraph by one line |
| CTRL+E | Centering a paragraph |
| CTRL+J | Justify a paragraph |
| CTRL+L | Align a paragraph left |
| CTRL+R | Align a paragraph to the right |
| CTRL+M | Adding left padding |
| CTRL+SHIFT+M | Removing left indentation |
| CTRL+T | Creating a lip |
| CTRL+SHIFT+T | Reducing the protrusion |
| CTRL+Q | Remove additional formatting from selected paragraphs |
| CTRL+SHIFT+S | Applying a style |
| CTRL+SHIFT+N | Applying a style |
| CTRL+SHIFT+L | Applying a style |
Editing and moving text and pictures
Key combinations. Table 8
| Combination | Action |
|---|---|
| BACKSPACE | Deleting one character to the left of the cursor |
| CTRL+BACKSPACE | Delete one word to the left of the cursor |
| DEL | Deleting one character to the right of the cursor |
| CTRL+DEL | Delete one word to the right of the cursor |
| CTRL+X, SHIFT+DEL | Deleting a selection to the clipboard |
| CTRL+Z | Cancel action |
| CTRL+Y | Repeat action |
| F2, then move the cursor and press ENTER | |
| SHIFT+DOWN ARROW | One line down |
| SHIFT+UP ARROW | One line up |
| CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW | Until the end of the paragraph |
| CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW | Before the beginning of the paragraph |
| SHIFT+PAGE DOWN | One screen down |
| SHIFT+PAGE UP | Up one screen |
| ALT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN | Until the end of the document |
| CTRL+SHIFT+HOME | Before the document begins |
| CTRL+A | Select entire document |
| CTRL+SHIFT+F8, then - cursor movement keys (to exit the mode - ESC key) | Select a vertical block of text |
| F8, then - the cursor keys (to exit the mode - the ESC key) | Select a specific fragment of a document |
Working with documents
Key combinations. Table 10
For your convenience when working with a computer, useful keyboard shortcuts in Windows are provided:
- Ctrl + Alt + Delete - open the “Task Manager” or “Windows Security” window;
- Ctrl + Esc - open/close the Start menu;
- Ctrl + Z - undo (back);
- Ctrl + Y - undo (forward (cancel Ctrl + Z));
- Ctrl + A - select all;
- Ctrl + W - close a tab in a program or browser;
- Ctrl + T - open a new tab in the browser;
- Ctrl + N - open a new browser window, create a new document, project or similar action;
- Ctrl + Tab - move forward through program or browser tabs;
- Ctrl + Shift + Tab - move back through tabs;
- Ctrl + R - refresh (for example, a page in a browser);
- Ctrl + Backspace - delete a word (deletes to the left);
- Ctrl + Delete - delete a word (deletes to the right);
- Ctrl + Home (End) - move the cursor to the beginning (end) of the text;
- Ctrl + Up (Down) - vertical scrolling of text or moving up (down) paragraphs of text;
- Ctrl + F - search in the browser;
- Ctrl + D - add page to Favorites;
- Ctrl + I - Favorites panel;
- Ctrl + H – Journal;
- Ctrl + mouse wheel up (down) - increase (decrease) the size of the tab content in a program or browser (for example, if you need to increase/decrease the size of text, pictures, videos). In browsers, this operation can also be done using Ctrl + + and Ctrl + -, and Ctrl + 0 - return to the original size;
- Ctrl + LMB - Select several objects in random order.
- Alt + F4 - close the active window;
- Alt + Tab or Alt + Shift + Tab - switch between windows;
- ALT + D - select text in the browser address bar;
- Alt + Enter - call “Object properties”;
- Alt + Space - call the window system menu
- Alt left + Shift left + Num Lock - enable or disable pointer control from the keyboard;
- Alt left + Shift left + PRINT SCREEN - enable or disable high contrast.
- Shift + LMB - Select several adjacent objects;
- Shift + Ctrl + Home (End) - select to the beginning (end) of the text;
- Shift - Block CD-ROM autorun (hold while the drive reads the newly inserted disc);
- Shift + Delete Permanently deletes an object without placing it in the trash.
- Win + D - minimize/restore all windows, including dialog windows, i.e. show the Desktop;
- Win + E - open the Explorer program (My Computer folder);
- Win + R - open the “Run a program” window (“Start” --> “Run…”);
- Win + F - open a search window;
- Win + F1 - Open Windows Help;
- Win + L - lock the computer;
- Win + Pause/Break - opens the “System” window;
- Win + U - call the utility manager;
- Win + Tab - switch between application buttons in the taskbar. When adding Shift (Win + Shift + Tab), the search proceeds in the reverse order. To open the program window selected in this way, press Enter. In Windows 7, this combination enables the Aero Flip 3D feature.
- Print Screen - take a screenshot of the entire screen to the clipboard;
- Alt + Printscreen - take a screenshot of the current active program window to the clipboard;
- Backspace - Go one level up (back) in an explorer or browser window;
- Tab - Move forward through options in a program or browser window;
- Shift + Tab - Move backward through options.
- F2 - Rename the selected object;
- F5 - Refresh the explorer or browser window;
- F11 - full screen mode in the browser.
Note:
The Win key is located between the Ctrl and Alt keys on the left side (it has the Windows logo (the Start icon) on it.
The combination “key” + “key” means that you first press the first key, and then, while holding it, press the second. Same with the third one.
LMB - left mouse button.
Windows
I use most of the Windows keyboard shortcuts to manage windows, and one very important one is to launch programs and navigate to folders.
Win + 0...9
The number from 1 to 9 is the serial number of the application on the taskbar, counting from the left (0 is the tenth application). Usually, this combination is associated with launching programs, but I use it more to switch to already open applications!
I remember the serial numbers of the first five or six by heart, because I work in them most often, and it’s easy to reach them with one hand. This method is faster for me than switching to the desired application using the Alt + Tab or Win + Tab combinations, although it’s hard for me to imagine working in Windows without the first.
Win + ←
Win + →
Windows are placed on the left or right half of the screen, which is very convenient when you need to work with two windows at the same time. These are Aero Snap keyboard shortcuts.
Of course, the wider the screen, the larger the window size and the more convenient the work.
Win+D
Displays the desktop, which is useful when you need to launch a program or open a file from it. Unlike Win + M, this key combination does not minimize all windows, and pressing it again restores their previous positions. However, Win + Shift + M does the same thing.
However, for me, the main difference between these combinations is that you can press Win + D with one hand without removing the other from the mouse - after all, it is with its help that the next action is often performed!
Esc
Without applying changes, closes dialog boxes - system and program settings, saving and opening files, etc. The key serves as the equivalent of the “Cancel” button.
Try pressing Esc in the command line, just type something into it first :)
Win+R
Opens the Run window. I use this keyboard shortcut every day and repeatedly. It significantly speeds up my work, thanks to automatic substitution of commands and paths.
About everyone new I talked about Windows 7 keyboard shortcuts six months before its release :)
Browser
My browser duo, IE+Opera, is gradually turning into a trio as I often use Chrome at work. Therefore, to work effectively, it is very important for me to find common ground in them. I use five keyboard shortcuts that work the same in any browser.
Alt+D
Goes to the address bar, highlighting its contents for entering a URL or search query. I very often perform this action from the keyboard because it is followed by text entry anyway. An alternative is Ctrl + L, but you have to press it with your right hand, removing it from the mouse.
Ctrl+E
This is a search combination. It goes to the search field (Opera), or to the address bar with a question mark added (in IE and Chrome).
The question mark clearly indicates to the browser that a search query is being made from the address bar rather than an address being entered. This shortcut doesn't seem to work in Firefox, although it is documented (Ctrl+K does work, however).
The combination is convenient in Opera, since the browser sometimes incorrectly processes search requests from the address bar, displaying the message opera:illegal-url. So I use the "search" combination when the request contains characters that the browser can interpret as a URL.
Oh yeah, don't forget to try Ctrl + E in Windows 7 Explorer :)
Home
End
Go to the beginning and end of the web page. On pages with a lot of text, these keys get to the goal much faster than scrolling with the mouse.
Ctrl+F5
Refreshes the web page, ignoring the browser cache.
This combination does not work in Opera, which does not support this feature at all, although it seems to be planning to introduce . Parameters for updating pages in Opera are set in the settings.
By default, Opera checks images and documents every 5 hours, but I prefer to always check documents.
If you enable image checking on every page load, pressing F5 is almost equivalent to pressing Ctrl + F5 in other browsers. However, pages will load more slowly.
Ctrl+W
Closes a browser tab. This combination is convenient to use when you need to close many unnecessary tabs in a row, but not all except the active one.
Take note lists of browser keyboard shortcuts:
Chrome| Firefox | Internet Explorer | Opera
Text
Every day I enter a huge amount of text on the keyboard. I write:
- articles in MS Word
- emails in Outlook, Thunderbird and Gmail
- messages in Skype and Live Messenger
- responses in web comment forms of blogs and forums
Therefore, it is very important for me not only to quickly enter text, but also to edit it. My favorite keyboard shortcuts help me with this.
Home
End
I have already mentioned these keys in the context of web page navigation. When typing, they move the cursor to the beginning or end of the line. In addition to text editors, they work in the command line, browser address bar, web forms, etc.
Shift + Home
Shift + End
Select text from the cursor to the beginning or end of the line. These shortcuts are equivalent to clicking in the middle of a line and then at the beginning or end while holding down the Shift key. These are usually followed by copying or cutting out the text using combinations that are hopefully known to everyone.
Ctrl + Shift + ←
Ctrl + Shift + →
Select a whole word to the left or right of the cursor. Consecutively pressing any of these combinations gives a more accurate result than moving the arrow while holding down the Shift key.
You can not only select words, but also navigate through them using Ctrl and arrows.
Ctrl + Backspace
Ctrl + Delete
Delete entire words to the left or right of the cursor (interestingly, the first combination does not work in Windows Notepad).
Alt+R
Calls my clipboard manager, which is an incredible time saver when working with text!
Since you don't have the program, this combination won't work for you. Perhaps the topic of clipboard managers deserves a separate story :)
By the way, by pressing Win + F1, you can enter the query “keyboard shortcuts” and find a lot of... it’s clear what.
I am sure that most of the combinations I described did not open America for you. But if you learned something new, I'd be happy to read about it in the comments. And most importantly, tell us about your favorite keyboard shortcuts! Perhaps I or other readers will take note of them.
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To make working on a computer easier and faster, hot keys were invented long ago. And if you don’t yet know all the useful combinations, then here’s an excellent cheat sheet that the editors are happy to use website.
Windows operating system
- Ctrl+C- copy. To see the contents of the clipboard in MS Office, press Ctrl+C twice.
- Ctrl+N- create a new document.
- Ctrl+O- open.
- Ctrl+S- save.
- Ctrl+V- insert.
- Ctrl+W- close the window.
- Ctrl+X- cut.
- Ctrl+Y- repeat the canceled action.
- Ctrl+Z- undo the last change.
- Ctrl+Home- move to the beginning of the document.
- Ctrl+End- move to the end.
- Windows+E- launch Windows Explorer.
- Windows+D- minimize all windows by going to the desktop, or restore windows.
- Windows+U- turns off the computer.
- Alt+Tab- allows you to switch between open windows. Hold Alt, press Tab several times, select the desired window image and release the keys. You can also use the Windows+Tab shortcut. In this case, several presses of Tab will also allow you to select the desired window, after which you must press Enter.
- Alt+Tab+Shift And Windows+Tab+Shift scroll windows in the opposite direction. Alt - call the system menu of the open window. You can work in it using arrows or Alt+letter. After pressing Alt, underlined or highlighted letters appear, clicking which opens the corresponding menu section.
- Shift+F10- open the context menu of the current object and select a section using the Up/Down arrows. This combination replaces right-clicking. In addition, in the Windows operating system it is possible to set individual key combinations for quickly launching programs. On the desktop, right-click on the shortcut of the desired program and select the “Properties” section. In the dialog box, find the “Shortcut” tab. In the "Shortcut" field, enter the desired key. Ctrl+Alt will appear automatically in front of the selected key. Then click Ok. To call the desired program you will need to use Ctrl+Alt+the specified key.
- Ctrl+Shift+Esc- call the task manager.
MS Word
- Ctrl+Space- remove formatting from the selected area. Changes the formatting of the text you enter next.
- Ctrl+0- change the spacing between paragraphs.
- Ctrl+1- sets single spacing between lines.
- Ctrl+2- sets double spacing between lines.
- Ctrl+5- sets one and a half spacing between lines.
- Alt+Shift+D- displays the current date.
- Alt+Shift+T- displays the current time.
MS Excel
- F2- opens the cell and allows editing.
- Ctrl+space- select a column.
- Ctrl+Enter- fill the selected cells with the same data.
- Shift+Space- select a row.
- Ctrl+Home- move to the beginning of the document, cell A1 becomes active.
- Ctrl+Page Up- go to the next sheet of the book.
- Ctrl+Page Down- go to the previous page of the book.
- Ctrl+1- open the cell format window.
- Ctrl+Shift+4 (Ctrl+$)- apply a currency format with two decimal places.
- Ctrl+Shift+5 (Ctrl+%)- apply percentage format.
- Ctrl+: (Ctrl+colon)- display the current time.
- Ctrl+; (Ctrl+semicolon)- display the current date.
- Ctrl+" (Ctrl+double quote)- copy the top cell to the current one.
Google Chrome
- F6, Ctrl+L or A lt+D - moves to an area accessible for keyboard input and selects its contents, for example, in the address bar.
- F11- opens the current page in full screen mode; to exit this mode you need to press F11 again.
- Alt+Home- opens the home page in the current tab.
- Backspace or Alt+left arrow- return to the previous page in history.
- Shift+Backspace or Alt+right arrow- move to the next page in the story.
- Ctrl+Shift+Delete- brings up the “Clear History” dialog box.
- Ctrl+Enter- adds www. before what is entered in the address bar and .com after (that is, what you typed google becomes www.google.com).
- Ctrl+Shift+N- opens a new window in incognito mode.
- Ctrl+Tab or Ctrl+Page Down- go to the next tab.
- Ctrl+Shift+Tab or Ctrl+Page Up- go to the previous tab.
- Ctrl+Shift+T- reopens the last closed tab.
- Ctrl+Shift+J- opens the developer tool, where you can view the source code of the page.
- Shift+Alt+T- switch to browser tools; arrows - move between tools, Enter - select a tool.
- Shift+Esc- opens “Task Manager”.
- Ctrl++ (plus)
- Ctrl+- (minus)
- Ctrl+0- returns the standard (100%) page scale.
- Ctrl+1-Ctrl+8- go to the tab with the corresponding serial number.
- Ctrl+9- go to the last tab; search in the default search engine.
- Ctrl+D
- Ctrl+F or Ctrl+G
- Ctrl+H- opens a page of history.
- Ctrl+J- opens the downloads page.
- Ctrl+K or Ctrl+E- moves to the address bar.
- Ctrl+N- opens a new window.
- Ctrl+O- calls the file open window.
- Ctrl+P- starts printing the current page.
- Ctrl+R or F5- refreshes the current page.
- Ctrl+S- saves the current page.
- Ctrl+T- opens a new tab.
- Ctrl+U- opens a page with its source code. It is worth noting that typing in the address bar "view-source:page address" also opens the source code of the page.
- Ctrl+W or Ctrl+F4- closes a pop-up window or current tab. In addition, when following links in Google Chrome, you can forget about the right mouse button using the following great combinations: Ctrl+clicking on a link (or clicking on a link with the middle mouse button or scroll wheel) - opens the link in a new tab, while leaving the old one current; Ctrl+Shift+clicking on a link (or Shift+clicking on a link with the middle mouse button or scroll wheel) - opens the link in a new tab and switches to it; Shift+click on a link - opens the link in a new window.
Mozilla Firefox
- F5- refreshes the page.
- Space- scrolls the page down.
- Shift+Space-scrolls the page up.
- Alt-Home- opens the home page.
- Ctrl+Shift+T- reopens the last closed tab; / - opens a search window as you enter text.
- Ctrl++ (plus)- zooms in on the page.
- Ctrl± (minus)- reduces the page scale.
- Ctrl+D- saves the current page as a bookmark.
- Ctrl+F- calls up a text search window.
- Ctrl+K- go to the search bar.
- Ctrl+L- Go to the address bar.
- Ctrl+T- opens a new tab.
- Ctrl-W- closes the tab; as an addition, use bookmarks with keywords. In order to remember a site you like or frequently visit, create a bookmark. After saving it, right-click on this bookmark and open its properties. Specify the “short name” (aka keyword), save. As a result, you can directly enter this word in the address bar, which will open the desired page.
- Tab+Enter- sends a letter; / - moves to the search window.
- A- write a response to everyone.
- C- create a new letter.
- F- forward the letter.
- K- opens the previous email chain or moves the cursor to the previous contact.
- J- opens the next email chain or moves the cursor to the next contact.
- M- hides a chain of letters, subsequent correspondence does not go into the inbox.
- N- opens the next letter in the chain of letters.
- P- opens the previous letter in the chain.
- R- write a response to the letter.
- X- selects a chain of letters, after which you can delete it, hide it, or apply another action from the drop-down list.
- G+C- opens the contact list.
- G+I- opens the inbox folder.
- G+S- goes to the list of marked messages.
- Y+O- saves the current email chain and opens the next email; #+O (or ]) - deletes a chain of letters and opens the next letter.
- Ctrl+S- saves the letter as a draft.
Mac Operating System
- Option+Cmd+D- displays or hides the panel.
- Dock Cmd+Option+H- hides all programs except the one you are working in.
- Cmd+W- closes the active open window.
- Option+Cmd+W- closes all windows.
- Option+Cmd+Right Arrow- Expands a directory and/or subdirectory in a list in the Finder.
- Cmd+[- goes to the previous folder.
- Cmd+]- moves to the next folder.
- Cmd+Shift+3- copies the screen to the clipboard.
- Cmd+Shift+4- copies only part of the screen to the clipboard.
- Shift+Option+Cmd+Q- instant exit.
- Shift+Cmd+Q- comes out in 2 minutes.
- Shift+Cmd+Delete- clears the trash can.
- Cmd+T- opens a new window in Safari.
- Cmd+K- opens a connection to the server.
- Shift+Cmd+?- calls up the help window.
- WITH- loads DVD, CD, USB drive.
- Cmd+Option+I- opening the “Inspector” window.
- Cmd+Option+Esc- selects a program to forcefully terminate.
- Cmd+Option+Power button- puts the computer into sleep mode.
- Cmd+Сtrl+power button- forced reboot of the computer.
- Cmd+Option+Ctrl+power button- closing all programs and turning off the computer.
Good day.
Have you ever wondered why different users spend different amounts of time on the same operations in Windows? And the point here is not the speed of using the mouse - it’s just that some people use the so-called hotkeys(replacing several mouse actions), others, on the contrary, do everything with the mouse (edit/copy, edit/paste, etc.).
Many users do not attach importance to keyboard shortcuts (note: several keys pressed simultaneously on the keyboard) , meanwhile, with their use, the speed of work can be increased significantly! In general, there are hundreds of different keyboard shortcuts in Windows, there is no point in memorizing and considering them all, but I will give the most convenient and necessary ones in this article. I recommend it for use!
Note: In the various key combinations below you will see a “+” sign - you do not need to press it. The plus in this case indicates that the keys must be pressed simultaneously! The most useful hotkeys are marked in green.
Keyboard shortcuts with ALT:
- Alt+Tab or Alt + Shift + Tab- window switching, i.e. make the next window active;
- ALT+D- selecting text in the address bar of the browser (usually, then use the combination Ctrl+C - copy the selected text);
- Alt+Enter- look at “Object properties”;
- Alt+F4- close the window you are currently working with;
- Alt + Space(Space is the space key) - calls the window system menu;
- Alt + PrtScr- take a screenshot of the active window.
Keyboard shortcuts with Shift:
- Shift + LMB(LMB = left mouse button) - selecting several files or a piece of text (just hold down Shift, place the cursor in the right place and move the mouse - files or part of the text will be selected. Very convenient!);
- Shift + Ctrl + Home- select to the beginning of the text (from the cursor);
- Shift + Ctrl + End- select to the end of the text (from the cursor);
- Pressed Shift button- CD-ROM autorun blocking, the button must be held while the drive reads the inserted disc;
- Shift+Delete- deleting a file bypassing the trash (be careful with this :));
- Shift + ←- text selection;
- Shift + ↓- text selection (to select text, files - the Shift button can be combined with any arrows on the keyboard).
Keyboard shortcuts with Ctrl:
- Ctrl + LMB(LMB = left mouse button) - selecting individual files, individual pieces of text;
- Ctrl+A- select the entire document, all files, in general, everything that is on the screen;
- Ctrl+C- copy selected text or files (similar to the edit/copy explorer);
- Ctrl+V- paste copied files, text (similar to edit/paste in Explorer);
- Ctrl+X- cut a selected piece of text or selected files;
- Ctrl+S- save the document;
- Ctrl + Alt + Delete (or Ctrl + Shift + Esc) - opening the “Task Manager” (for example, if you want to close an “unclosed” application or see which application is loading the processor);
- Ctrl+Z- cancel the operation (if, for example, you accidentally deleted a piece of text, just press this combination. In applications whose menu does not indicate this option, mail always supports it);
- Ctrl+Y- cancel the operation Ctrl + Z;
- Ctrl+Esc- opening/closing the Start menu;
- Ctrl+W- close the browser tab;
- Ctrl+T- open a new tab in the browser;
- Ctrl + N- open a new window in the browser (if it is running in any other program, a new document will be created);
- Ctrl+Tab- moving through browser/program tabs;
- Ctrl + Shift + Tab- reverse operation from Ctrl + Tab;
- Ctrl+R- refreshing a page in the browser or program window;
- Ctrl + Backspace- deleting a word in the text (deletes from the left);
- Ctrl + Delete- deleting a word (deletes from the right);
- Ctrl + Home- moving the cursor to the beginning of the text/window;
- Ctrl+End- moving the cursor to the end of the text/window;
- Ctrl+F- search in the browser;
- Ctrl+D- add a page to favorites (in the browser);
- Ctrl + I- show the favorites bar in the browser;
- Ctrl+H- log of visits in the browser;
- Ctrl + mouse wheel up/down - increasing or decreasing the size of elements on the browser page/window.
Keyboard shortcuts with Win:
- Win+D- minimize all windows, the desktop will be shown;
- Win+E- opening “My Computer” (Explorer);
- Win+R- opening the “Run…” window, very useful for launching some programs (more details about the list of commands here:)
- Win+F- opening a search window;
- Win+F1- opening a help window in Windows;
- Win+L- blocking the computer (convenient when you need to move away from the computer, but strangers may come nearby and see your files and work);
- Win+U- opening the accessibility center (for example, magnifier, keyboard);
- Win + Tab- switch between applications in the taskbar.
A few other useful buttons:
- PrtScr- take a screenshot of the entire screen (everything you see on the screen will be placed in the buffer. To get a screenshot, open Paint and paste the image there: Ctrl+V buttons);
- F1- help, user manual (works in most programs);
- F2- renaming the selected file;
- F5- updating a window (for example, a tab in a browser);
- F11- full screen mode;
- Del- delete the selected object to the trash;
- Win- open the START menu;
- Tab- activates another element, moving to another tab;
- Esc- closing dialog boxes, exiting the program.
PS
Actually, that's all for me. I recommend that you remember the most useful keys, marked in green, and use them everywhere, in any program. Thanks to this, you won’t even notice how you will work faster and more efficiently!
By the way, the listed combinations work in all popular Windows: 7, 8, 10 (most of them also in XP). Thanks in advance for the additions to the article. Good luck everyone!
