Integrated packages are software complexes that include all software products needed for daily activities.
First, there are packages that combine text processor, spreadsheets, DBMSs and a graphic editor, for example, Frame Work, Simphony, etc. Their goal is to invade information between the parts of the common package.
There should be a few words about graphics packages that are part of integrated systems. The advantage of such systems is the natural use of the source data in the electronic table or the integrated system database. As a rule, large integrated systems provide users with circular diagrams or linear graphs. The user must first select and mark the range of cells on the electronic table, the contents of which should be displayed as a graph, and then using multiple key commands to form an appropriate schedule or diagram.
The output method is consistent with the overall work style in a specific integrated environment. For example, in the Framework system, the graphics image are displayed in the display windows and, depending on the size of the window, are automatically scaled.
Currently, the accessories of integrated packages are tools for working with three-dimensional graphics, information manager, electronic document recognition system, email. Such packages are called an "electronic office". Consider the composition of several of the most common office packages.
Microsoft Office 2000 / XP
Standard issue:
· Microsoft Word. - multifunctional text editor;
· Microsoft Excel. - program for creating T processing of spreadsheets;
· Microsoft Access. - program to create and administer databases;
· Microsoft PowerPoint. - Program for preparing presentations, including graphic, text, sound and even video elements;
· Microsoft Outlook. - The most powerful office manager combining the email program, the program for creating and sending faxes, scheduler of meetings and contacts, a notebook and much more. It works better in the local rather than in the global network;
· Microsoft Image Editor - a simple image editor;
· Microsoft Internet Explorer. - program to view Internet pages.
Professional edition:
· Microsoft Access 2000. - program to create and edit databases;
· Microsoft Publisher 2000. - The program of layout and design of text publications.
Advanced release:
· Microsoft Frontpage 2000. - program for creating and designing the Internet pages;
· Microsoft PHOTODROW 2000. - graphics editor.
Issue "For Small Business":
· Contact Manager - Special tools for small businesses.
Microsoft Works. - monolithic program of a universal domestic worker consisting of a text editor, a simple spreadsheet, and a simple database. Each module is simplified compared to Microsoft Office. Microsoft Works is designed to fulfill a wide class of business, educational and other tasks.
WORKS Package Tools:
1) Text processor Designed to create and edit notes, reports, catalogs, letters forms and other combined documents.
2) Spreadsheet Allowing to solve financial, statistical, etc. Tasks associated with the calculation.
3) Chart To convert numeric data of spreadsheets in various graphic views.
4) Database With the ability to develop reports intended for collecting, processing and printing information about customers, products, accounts, payment statements, etc.
5) Communication systemallowing you to connect to operational information systems and share information with other computers on which modems are installed.
In addition, the Works Package includes Microsoft Drow, with which you can improve the type of document processor documents.
The information of the user in Works is stored on a disk in files with different extensions: * .wps; * .Wks; * .Wdb.
Russian Office (Arsenal), a set of independent software products focused on each other:
· Text editor "Lexicon" , the new version can work with spreadsheets.
· Translator program "Socrates" It can translate ordinary texts of the Ministry of Health of Any Text Editors and Internet Pages.
· Descartes - A program for accounting for home finance.
· Disco Rocking - Program for copying the content of entire Internet sites on a hard disk.
· Matter is fine - Personal document manager.
· Three-Count - Extensive count of Russian fonts.
· Pictureman. - A set of programs for working with graphics.
In the electronic office of domestic development Skat (Complex Automation System) In the Lotus Notes system, the DBMS, email, information protection tools, application development tools are integrated for Windows, application development tools: textual, graphic editors, spreadsheet. Skate subsystems: warehouse components, finished product warehouse, accounts, contracts, purchase orders, help (system setting, documentation).
StarOffice. (SUN) - a free product (developed and distributed in the Linux system, now under Windows) - a single integrated system: all operations with documents, regardless of their format, are performed from a single shell program.
StarOffice Desktop is a part-time Internet browser with Starmail & Discussion's email and news client and StarsHedule's scheduler.
StarOffice includes:
· Starwriter. - Text editor, Equal MS Word;
· StarCalc. - electronic table editor identical to MS Excel;
· Adabase. - program to create and manage databases;
· Starimpress. - the presentation program;
· Starimage. - editor of digitized, raster images with a library of special effects;
· Stardraw. - semi-professional program for working with vector graphics;
· Starmath - editor of the formula;
· StarChart - program to create charts;
· Fontwork - program to create spectacular text "caps";
· Starform - program for developing forms.
Offices- "Supplements":
Cognitive Office. (Cognitive Technologies) - electronic document management system. Consists of two powerful programs:
¨ Cuneiform - Scanning text recognition program with built-in text editor;
¨ "Euphrates" - A package designed to streamline all documents available on the computer and facilitate work with them (electronic document management system).
Prompt Translation Office.(PROMT) - computer translation system. With the Special Smartool program, its modules can be embedded in almost all basic MS Office 2000 applications - Word, Excel, Access, FrontPage, Outlook. It includes:
¨ Promt 2000. - a translator program that integrates with MS Office 2000, and also has its own text editor;
¨ WebView. - browser with synchronous translation of Web pages;
¨ Qtrans. - program for the quick translation of small text fragments;
¨ Clipboard Translator. - fast translation of the contents of the clipboard;
¨ Integrator - Provides quick access to all package programs;
¨ Electronic dictionary - With it, you can get all possible translation options for both individual words and idioms.
¨ Promt Internet 2000. - The program for transferring Internet pages, comes separately and includes:
§ R-Express and Promt-E- Add translation modules to Internet Explorer browser,
§ WebView.- browser with simultaneous translation of Web pages,
§ Mail Translator.- Embeds in MS Outlook and is able to translate incoming and outgoing emails.
OLE technology is used in integrated packages (Object Linked and Embedding - binding and embedding objects), which allows you to bind objects created by different IT into a single document. OLE has three properties:
Concept of composite documents. For example, in the Word Editor document, you can insert Excel Chart or Corel Draw Figure. Two components of this technology are possible: binding and embedding. If one document (object) is tied to another, the change in the original leads to a change in the attached object. If the document is attached to several other documents, then the changes in the original are entered into all attached documents. If the document is embedded in another, the change in the original does not lead to a change in the built-in object;
Editing "on site." And tied, and embedded documents can be edited in the Joint Document (not in the original);
Dragging an object. For example, to open a file for editing, you can drag his icon on the editor icon.
Course work
Under the discipline "Information systems in the economy"
On the topic: "Integrated packages for offices"
Content:
Introduction
Chapter I Software Structure
1.1 Software Concept
1.2 Software Classification
1.3 Integrated Application Packets
Chapter II Integrated Packages for Offices
2.1 Microsoft Office Application Programs
2.2 Additional office programs
2.3 Alternative Office Packages
Conclusion
List of references
Introduction
Caps of office applications There are quite a lot. They have different functionality, requirements for computer configuration and user qualifications.
Basic well-known packages - Open Office, Microsoft Office, Star Office, Lexicon XL, Microsoft Works.
The appointment of office software packages is to provide office staff and enterprises with a wide range of funds for everyday collaboration, automate the execution of routine operations, help in a comprehensive solution to the tasks of the enterprise as a whole.
Initially, integrated packages that combine text, tabular and graphics processors, as well as a database control system appeared. For example, Framework, Simphony. In the future, the integrated packages have added tools for three-dimensional graphics, information manager, document electronic recognition systems, e-mail, such as Borland Office for Windows Novell (currently Corell Office), Smart Suite Lotus Development (IBM division) and others. In our country, the integrated Microsoft Office package of Microsoft was widespread.
Assigning Microsoft Office - provide instrumental tools to automate the preparation and design of documents for the bulk of users - managers, accountants and other office staff. The close integration of the Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office package allows the most use of computer capabilities.
For more than 15 years, the Microsoft Office product exists in the software product market and, of course, has undergone changes associated with the increasing needs of users.
Thus, the purpose of this work is the disclosure of the topic: "Integrated packages for offices". The goal required to solve the following tasks:
explore theoretical aspects;
analyze the structure and purpose of the integrated office packages on the example of MS Office 2007.
In this course, the characteristic of the integrated office packages applied to date is made, a comparative analysis is made. A specific example of an office automation based on the Microsoft Office product is provided.
Chapter I Software Structure
1.1 Software Concept
By itself, the computer is not able to accomplish a single action. "Explanation" to the computer of what and how to perform to achieve the goal, programming is engaged in programming (Programming)1
, which is the process of creating a program, including an analysis of the requirements and all stages of development and implementation.
A set of operators that can be represented as a single integer in some computing system and is used to control the behavior of this system, called the program. Under the operator in this case it is understood as an action that can be performed above one or more operands to obtain results. Usually, this action is indicated by the symbol of the operation (command) and variables (parameters) that specify specific data values \u200b\u200bfor this operation.
As a rule, it requires an implementation of non-one to achieve the goal, but a whole set of actions performed in a certain sequence. A predetermined sequence of well-defined rules or commands to solve the task for a finite number of steps is called the algorithm.
A combination of programs intended for solving tasks on a computer is called software (SoftWare). Software is an integral part of computing systems and combines not only programs in symbolic records and executable forms of these programs, as well as the accompanying documentation program.
1.2 Software Classification
Depending on the purpose, all software (software) can be divided into system software, programming system and applied software.
System software It plays the dominant role due to the fact that without pre-testing and operational control of the operation of the devices it is impossible to start work, and without the description of the PC basic actions, it is not able to perform any command.
Components of system software are operating systems, controls and diagnostics.
Operating systems (Operating Systems) occupy a special place among the system software, as individual operating system programs begin to work immediately after the PC is turned on. It is they who carry out a user dialogue and a PC, manage the computer resources (RAM, place on external media, information), are launched to work applications, provide a user-friendly interface to the user and applied programs.
With the start of use in microprocessor computers, the requirements for operating systems increased and among the many manufacturers on manufacturers of operating systems began to occupy leading positions.
Until recently, several types of operating systems were used on IBM PC computers:
MS-DOS - Microsoft disk operating system (most popular);
PC-DOS - IBM disk operating system;
DR-DOS - Digital Research disc operating system (used when working with NOVELL network);
UNIX - BELL LABORATORIES disk operating system (used when working on the Internet);
Linux is one of the options for UNIX type operating system.
In recent years, most personal computers are running the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Another important component of the system software is drivers - expanding DOS capabilities to manage various PC devices (keyboard, mouse, rapid memory, hard disk, etc.). With their help, you can connect to the PC new devices or modify the use of already installed.
The third group of system software is the shell programs that provide a more visual and easy way to dialogue with a PC. The Norton Commander uses the most popular and its analogue running Windows - Windows Commander.
For work in graphical mode, operating shells are intended - a group of sufficiently powerful programs that give the user to simultaneously perform several programs (multiprogramming), building windows on the screen representing a rich set of image output tools and manipulation to them. The most famous is Microsoft's Windows operating environment. In addition to her, this group includes Gem, Geoworks, Desqview.
In the fifth, the latest group of this category usually combine auxiliary programs (utilities). These include:
packaging software that allows for special methods to "compress" files intended for archive storage. The most popular ari.exe, rar.exe, zip.exe;
antivirus programs intended for diagnosis and "treatment" of a program damaged by computer viruses (AVP Kaspersky, Doctor Weber, etc.);
communication programs intended for the organization of information exchange between computers (laplink.exe, desklink.exe, fastlynx.exe, etc., supplied with appropriate equipment);
diagnostic programs to test the performance of various PC devices and obtain reference information about PC technical capabilities (Scandisk, Check Disk);
optimization programs, "caching" and dynamic disks compression, memory management and printing program, etc. (SmartDRV, QEMM-386).
Programming systems Include programming languages \u200b\u200band translators, and allows you to develop both system and applied software. Consequently, in programming, they play the role of means of production. Depending on the level of complexity, programming languages \u200b\u200bare divided into high and low levels. The harder the language, the lower its level and the greater, as a rule, its capabilities.
The high-level languages \u200b\u200binclude, for example, Basic, which is the most accessible language-oriented language-based learning.
Low level languages \u200b\u200binclude assembler, whose language reflects the computer architecture, provides access to registers, specifying addressing methods and descriptions of operations in terms of processor commands. The assembler language serves to develop operating systems. Another low-level representative is the Universal Programming Language, originally developed as a system programming language for the UNIX operating system. Currently is one of the most popular languages.
The manifold of programming languages \u200b\u200bis caused by a large variety of tasks facing the computer. So, for the conduct of scientific calculations in 1956. Fortran (Formula Translator) was created, at the end of the 50s - Algol Algorithm Language (Algorithmic Language). The first language in which a wide concept of the type of data and principles of structural programming was introduced, Pascal became.
In addition, there is a fairly large set of specialized languages \u200b\u200b- DBASE, SQL, Turbo Pascal, Prolog, Visual Basic, JavaScript, Delphi, PHP, etc.
Over time, all languages \u200b\u200bundergo changes, their new versions appear. Therefore, after the language name, the version number is usually located consisting of two parts (for example, 5.1, 4.02). If the language in the new version undergoes significant changes, the first part of its number changes, but if we are talking only about minor additions - the second.
Usually the program is written on a symbolic language close to English. The text of the program written by the user is called the source module. This text is incomprehensible to the computer. To transfer the source module to the object - the set of machine commands, translators are used. Translators are two types: interpreters and compilers.
The interpreter provides the atomic translation of the text of the program with simultaneously executing the command translated into the machine codes. The transfer procedure is accompanied by checking the correctness of the writing command. If an error is detected as a result of the check, the program executes, and the error character appears on the screen (if the computer is able to identify it) and the row number in which the error is detected. Nice performance can be attributed to the disadvantages of the interpreter. This is explained by the fact that each time it starts the program to execute (even if it is guaranteed any errors), it is checked for errors and transfer to machine codes of each row of the program.
The compiler translates (with the simultaneous verification of the correctness of writing commands) into machine codes the entire program immediately. As a result, an object module is created. If necessary, several object modules using special linkner software are combined into one boot module. Only after creating the boot module, the program can be run to execution. Programs translated into machine codes using the compiler, work much faster, since when you start the program, it starts its execution without additional checks and translations.
Application software We divide into three groups depending on the scope of application.
The first group is a general applied program. These include: text editors, tabular processors, DBMS, etc.
Text editors - programs for creating and processing text texts and documents. There is a sufficiently large list of such programs. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. The most popular text editor is Microsoft Word.
Tabular processors provide work with large arrays of numerical information. The most famous tabular processors include: Excel, Lotus. Currently, the absolute leader is the Excel tabular processor developed by Microsoft. The tabular processor is a rectangular table, in the cells of which numbers, symbols (words) can be placed, formulas for calculating values. Most tabular processes are provided with fairly rich libraries of functions for calculations. In addition to calculations, many programs of this group make it possible to build graphs according to available data. As additional services, the possibilities of recording MacroMand are often presented, creating their own input and output forms, as well as exchange information with databases.
Database management systems (DBMS) - information and search engines that allow processing (entering, searching, sorting, etc.) large arrays of information. An example of the simplest database is an elementary card file. More complex DBMSs make it possible to solve problems related to the processing of several information arrays associated with different relations. The most popular DBMS includes Oracle, MS SQL, Access. In the near past, Dbase IV, Paradox 4, Fox RRO, Clarion Professional Developer, Clipper, Rbase were widely used.
Systems (means) of business and scientific graphics make it possible to display various types of graphs and charts. Among these systems, Microsoft Chart, Harvard Graphics, Statgraf are most popular among these systems.
Specialized application programs allocated to the second group. These include applied programs that have a goal of solving any highly specialized tasks. For example, at present, the software market has a fairly large set of accounting programs (1C, BEST, turbo accountant, sail, etc.), training programs (language, mathematical, etc.).
Integrated application packages combine the capabilities of text editors, tabular processors and DBMS. As a rule, the interface of each component has a kinded form, the same type is performed by the same means, which makes it easier for the development procedure of the entire package. The most striking representative of this software group is Microsoft Office - Microsoft Product.
1.3 Integrated Application Packets
Integrated packages- This is a combination of software tools for various purposes with a single user interface that shared the same data.
The most common integrated packages whose components are:
DBMS;
text editor;
tabular processor;
organizer;
email support tools;
programs for creating presentations;
graphics editor.
The components of integrated packages can work isolated from each other, but the main advantages of integrated packages are manifested with their reasonable combination with each other. Users of integrated packages have a unified interface for various components, thereby ensuring the relative ease of their development process.
The distinctive features of this software class are:
fullness of information technologies for end users;
the same type of the end-user interface for all programs included in the integrated packet - General commands in the menu, standard icons of the same functions (saving on disk, print, checking spelling, font design, etc.), standard construction and work with dialogs and others;
general service for integrated package programs (for example, dictionary and spelling tools for spelling, diagram builder, data converter, etc.);
ease of exchange and references to objects created by the integrated package programs (two methods are used: DDE - dynamic data exchange and OLE - dynamic layout objects), uniform transfer of objects (DRAG-AND-DROP method);
the presence of a single language platform for parsing macros, user programs;
the ability to create documents that integrate the capabilities of various programs included in the integrated package.
Integrated packages are effective and in group work in the network of many users. So, from the application program in which the user works, you can send documents and data files to another user, while the data transfer standards are supported as objects over a network or via email.
The main distinguishing feature of programs that make up an integrated package is the common user interface that allows you to apply the same (or similar) techniques for working with various package applications. The interaction of programs is carried out at the level of documents. This means that the document created in one application can be inserted into another application and, if necessary, change it. The interface community reduces user training costs. In addition, the price of a set of three or more applications supported by the same manufacturer is significantly lower than the total price if you purchase them separately.
Chapter II Integrated Packages for Offices
2.1 Microsoft Office Application Programs
Microsoft Office is a package of application programs that allows you to solve a variety of tasks. Microsoft Office app is so closely related, which often their set is considered as a single program.
The first mention of the Microsoft Office package is at the beginning of the 90s of the XX century, when its first working version was released - Microsoft Office 4.2. At that time, he was a small set of office products for one user.
In less than 10 years, Microsoft Office'95, Microsoft Office'97, Microsoft Office XP, Microsoft Office'03 came out, and at the end of 2007. Microsoft announced the release of the next, sixth version - Microsoft Office 2007.
For such a short time, the package has become a widely integrated system, which includes not only the habitual users of the tools (text and tabular processors, database management systems, personal information management systems and a number of other), but also servers, services and desktop programs, Designed for collaboration on solving a wide range of business tasks.
During the creation of new versions of the package, some of the applications have merged: so, for example, Microsoft Schedule + application (schedule) entered the Microsoft Outlook. Some applications were generally excluded from the package due to the fact that their functions have taken over other applications (for example, the Card File application (Card Sack)).
Traditionally, Microsoft Office Application Programs has several delivery options:
standard (Standard), designed for users, whose interests are distributed to a basic set of tools for organizing office work, creating, publishing and analyzing documents on the organization's network and global Internet;
small Business (Small Business Edition) for use in small enterprises;
professional (Professional), in which the standard version is complemented by the database management system;
professional Special Edition), in which the professional version is complemented by web-based management systems and websites;
developer (Developer), designed for professional developers and containing an in addition to the full special professional version, a set of tools and documentation for creating, implementing and supporting solutions based on Microsoft Office.
The package includes two components block - basic and auxiliary.
Block of the main components Consists of the following applications:
microsoft Word text processor. It is a multifunctional multi-light text editor that allows you to create documents of any level of complexity, and is equipped with a large set of tools for editing them and design.
Creating a document in a text processor can be carried out in two directions: the creation of a "passive" document; Creating a standard document.
Fig. 1 Microsoft Word 2007
The creation of a "passive" document occurs through a set of text with subsequent design (formatting). Creating a standard document is carried out on the basis of templates - an interactive form that requires filling.
In addition to direct input and format text, the text processor allows you to create tables and tabular shapes, make text laying into several speakers, draw, embed graphic objects, create documents for serial mailing (documents merging), create virtual documents consisting of links to other files.
electronic table system (table processor) Microsoft Excel. The scope of the table processor is very wide: from the execution of elementary calculations before creating accounting books, accounts, charts and financial models. The spreadsheet is equipped with powerful data analysis and diagrams, as well as analytical functions. Microsoft Excel's basic service capabilities include the ability to organize information on sheets and books, on the basis of the built-in features of the program, create your own functions and formulas of any level of complexity, create high-quality two and three-dimensional graphs and diagrams, process database information in lists, analyze and develop scripts, improve performance through the creation and application of macros.
Fig. 2 Microsoft Excel 2007
Excel distinguishes the following data types: numbers, text, formulas, textual formulas, text from numbers. Excel himself recognizes numbers and text.
microsoft PowerPoint presentation preparation system. Designed as a means for creating slide and projection presentations, automatic demonstrations and multimedia expositions. The program allows you to build presentations based on standard slide sets or set your own content using PowerPoint presentation and data from Word, Excel or Access. The application is equipped with a large set of slides templates. Text information, various kinds of graphics and diagrams, graphic images can be placed in the slide. Animation effects in the output of information within the slide and when changing the slides make this software product an indispensable tool in the preparation and conduct of various kinds of presentations.
Figure 3 Microsoft PowerPoint 2007
microsoft Outlook personal information management system is an application that performs the features of the electronic notebook, diary, means for drawing up a personal schedule, schedule of meetings, etc., with the ability to work with email.
Fig. 4 Microsoft Outlook 2007
microsoft Access database management system - an application for working with databases, with which you can create and keep client lists, store accounting information about goods and other ordered data. For the convenience of setting the information search conditions, output to the screen (print), the search results system represents the ability to create various forms, requests and reports both in the Master mode and in the constructor mode, where the user has the right to independently form the appearance of the document on the screen and Print.
Fig. 5 Microsoft Access 2007
microsoft FrontPage Web Nodes Management System - an application that allows you to perform all the necessary actions to create and edit web pages to the user who is not familiar with special programming languages \u200b\u200bfor the web.
desktop Publishing System Microsoft Publisher. The main purpose of this application is a means for creating professionally decorated publications - brochures, booklets, cards, leaflets. A large number of masters (special software) allows you to automate the process of registration of the document.
microsoft Project Project Management System. The product has convenient means of building reports and information necessary for making management decisions, and effective algorithms for its analysis.
microsoft Visio Chart Preparation System. Contains a rich diagram library, allowing to build organizational (hierarchical), cyclic, radial, pyramidal and other types of diagrams of any level of complexity.
To the number auxiliary applicationsrelate:
interpreter of requests for external databases Microsoft Query;
microsoft Organization Chart Schedule Drawing Program;
microsoft Graph chart creation program;
microsoft Wordart figured text creation program;
editor of Mathematical Formulas Microsoft Equation;
microsoft Office Document Imaging text recognition program;
microsoft Draw drawing tools;
microsoft Map Geographical Maps;
etc.................
The electronic office provides for integrated application packages, including specialized programs and information technologies that provide comprehensive realization of tasks of any subject area. Part office softwaremay also include:
- program analysis and schedule preparation;
- presentation program;
- graphics editor;
- fax modem service program;
- Network software;
- Translation programs.
Office software products are used both independently and as part integrated packages(SP). The integrated package for electronic office includes software products interacting with each other. The basis of the package is:
- text editor;
- spreadsheet;
- the database management system;
- means of telecommunications;
- graphic capabilities,
those. All that is necessary for the most common types of work in any of the offices.
In addition to them, other office products can be included in the integrated package.
The main distinguishing feature of programs that make up the integrated package is general interfacea user who allows you to apply the same (or similar) techniques to work with various package applications. The interaction of programs is carried out at the level of documents. This means that the document created in one application can be inserted into another application and, if necessary, change it. The interface community reduces user training costs. In addition, the price of a set of three or more applications supported by the same manufacturer is significantly lower than the total price if you purchase them separately.
Currently, three sets are dominated in the office products market:
· Borland Office of Windows NOVELL (Currently Siel Office.);
· SMART Suite Lotus Development (currently IBM division);
· Microsoft Office Microsoft.
The appointment of office software packages is to provide office staff and enterprises with a wide range of funds for everyday collaboration, automate the execution of routine operations, help in a comprehensive solution to the tasks of the enterprise as a whole.
The most popular set of office applications is an integrated package. Microsoft Offi.Until recently, the leading developers of this type of software were three well-known companies - Microsoft,, NOVLLand lOTUS DEVEIOPT.Software packages created by them offer many similar means and capabilities and are oriented almost the same market sector (for the "simple" user).
The most powerful and dynamically developing part of the software. Within this software, two most significant groups can be distinguished: 1) full-robbed packages; 2) Object-related packages.
Polino-knitted packagesrepresent a multifunctional autonomous package in which the functions and capabilities of specialized (problem-oriented) packages related to data processing technology. In fact, in such programs there are integration of the functions of the editor of the text, DBMS and Table Processor. Packages provide a link between data, however, due to the narrowing of the capabilities of each component separately. Representatives of this class package are: for MS DOS - Framework, Symphony, For Windows - Microsoft Works, Lotus Works.
Object-related integrated packages- Last word in software technology. The approach to the integration of software is to combine specialized packages within a single resource base and to ensure the interaction of applications, i.e. Package programs, objects and a single simplified center - switch between applications.
The most powerful packages of this type are: Microsoft Office. , Lotus SmartSute, Borland Office. AT professional versionpackets There are four applications: text editor, DBMS,tabular processor, Demonstration schedule package. AT user version of DBMSis absent. In object-oriented packages the effect of integration is not reducedthe simple amount of components components - additional possibilities are obtained by the interaction of the package components during operation. In full packages, the benefits of integration are often reduced to not due to the lack of a function available in a specialized package.
The object-related approach to integration involves giving the components of a uniform agreed interface: pictograms and menus, dialog boxes, macro-language, etc. The main featureis the use of shared resources. Stand out four main types Share access to resources:
- 1) the use of common utilities for all program programs (for example, spelling utility);
- 2) the use of objects that can be in the sharing of the complex programs;
- 3) a simple transition or launch of one application from the other;
- 4) A single macro-language as a means of automating work with applications, which allows you to organize comprehensive processing of information, since programming is carried out in a single language of the macro definitions.
Sharing objects- Foundation stone modern technology integration. Currently exist two Standards:
OBject Linking and Embedding Ole2.0 Dynamic Layout and Built in Microsoft objects.
OpenDoc (Open Document) Apple, Borland, IBM, Novell firms.
OLE2.0 makes it possible to place information created by one application program to another, while it is possible to edit information in a new document by means of that product with which the object has previously been created.
OLE2.0 allows you to transfer objects from one application window to the other window.
OLE2.0 provides for the possibility of overall use of program functional resources: For example, the module for building graphs this can be used in a text editor.
The main disadvantage of OLE2.0 is a limit on the size of the object size of one page.
OpenDoc is an object-oriented system that uses a distributed system object model as an object model (DSOM - Distributed System Object Model) developed by IBM for the OS / 2 operating system. It is assumed to compatibility between Ole and OpenDoc.
test questions
- 1. What is understood by the information products?
- 2. What is understood by informational services?
- 3. Name the main types of information services.
- 4. List the main education services.
- 5. Describe the structure and principles of the construction of the PPP.
- 6. Name the main components of problem-oriented PPPs.
- 7. What include PPP vector graphics?
- 8. What tasks are solved using the PPP of the Organizers of Works?
- 9. Why are the PPP demonstration graphics?
- 10. What tasks can be solved using Multimedia PPP?
- 11. What opportunities are implemented in the Symbol recognition PPP?
- 12. What are the functions of analytical PPPs?
- 13. What is understood under integrated PPP?
- 14. Give the classification of integrated PPPs.
- 15. Name the main advantages of object-related integrated packages.
Integrated software packages are a set of several software products combined into a single convenient tool. The most developed of them includes a text editor, organizer, spreadsheet, DBMS, email support tools, presentation program.
The results obtained by individual subprogrammes can be combined into a final document containing tabular, graphic and text material.
Integrated packages, as a rule, contain some kernel, providing close interaction between components.
The professional Microsoft Office package includes such necessary programs such as Word text editor, Excel spreadsheet, PowerPoint presentation program, Access DBMS, Mail email support tool. All parts of this package make up a single whole, and even externally, all programs look uniformly, which makes it easier for their development and daily use.
For example, an integrated package for writing books containing illustrations contains:
Text editor;
Spelling corrector for 80,000 words (spelling program for spelling errors);
The fusion program of texts;
Program of formation of tables and compilation of pointers;
Automatic search and replacement of words and phrases;
Telecommunications;
Spreadsheet;
Database management system;
Modules of graphic design;
Graphics editor;
Ability to print with hundreds of different fonts, etc.
Microsoft Works is a very simple and convenient package that combines a text editor, spreadsheets and databases, as well as telecommunications to connect to other computers on telephone lines. The package is focused on people who have no time to master complex products on novice users, as well as home users.
Integrated packages provide simultaneous use of several functional and typical packets in a specific application.
Integrated packages are convenient for users. They have a single interface, do not require the docking of software in them, have a sufficiently high speed of solving problems.
Integrated packages are a set of several software products combined into a single convenient tool, which was noted above.
The integrated package, as a rule, is as much as a separate program, and therefore the money is spent on it not in vain.
Integrated software packages - in the number of product items, a few products, but in computational terms, a rather powerful and actively developing part of the software (software).
There is an integrated package for analyzing securities with fixed income, consisting of a cash calculator, a portfolio analysis toolkit and bond contracts. The program performs calculations of profitability for any type of securities with fixed income; Data can be saved in files or used in portfolio analysis modules or swap contracts.
There are also special integrated office packages, which includes software interacting products. The main distinguishing feature of programs that make up an integrated package is a common user interface that allows you to apply similar methods when working with various package applications.
As part of the integrated package, communication is associated between the data, however, the possibilities of each component are narrowed compared to a similar specialized package.
The interface of earlier programs was overloaded with various means of data exchange and descriptions of the work environment, which required certain skills and knowledge from the user to switch the package modes, data formats, storage principles, and manipulate various types of data, which ultimately reduced the attractiveness of the packages. In modern packages (for example, Microsoft Works), this deficiency is focused: the simplicity of the interface allows you to apply it without prior training.
The integrated workflow package is based on principles that significantly facilitate its development and work with it, predetermine its relative compactness and at the same time sufficient power as a universal tool.
Analysis of applications leads to the need to develop multiple integrated packages. Advocative Development of multiple integrated packages, including the next set of functions that would be fully located in memory when working: Tabular processing, graphics, file system, statistics, simple database, intermad communications.
Another reason is that the circle of potential users of integrated packages is though large, but everything is limited. When most of those who have such packages are really necessary, they will have them (and this will happen very soon), only outstanding products will have the chances of success. It should also be taken into account with a high degree of commercial risk when producing such a complex and expensive product.
