Installing Windows in EFI mode. Installing Windows via UEFI BIOS

aaalekseyyy. 30.11.2015

Deniska that you advise you:

1. PIIM version of the Boot UEFI in BIOS to the minimum (if there is a secure boot, then turn it off before).

2. Go from any Live CD C Windows 7, initialize your disc in GPT and make a disk breakdown. I do not advise you to make big partitions, because, for example, for a 1 TB partition, in case of loss of information, only one pass the recovery program will leave 17-24 hours, and so that it would be necessary to fully restore the information, it will take up to 3 days of the continuous operation of the computer. It is better to simply create only one partition 200-500 MB, the rest let it remain unbelievable, then the way you need it, after installing the system.

In recent years, the release of computers has begun on which the outdated BIOS initial I / O system has changed motherboards with a fundamentally new type of firmware of a long-term storage device. This type has an abbreviated name UEFI and has a graphical interface similar to Windows, a more resistant duplication system and restore loading data, internal anti-virus protection and the ability to use computer mouse. It was required due to an increase in the production of hard drives with a volume of over two terabytes and an enhanced partition type (GPT) that are not supported by BIOS. To administer the loader, the built-in UEFI-BOOT utility is applied, resembling the BIOS structure and significantly accelerating the launch of the laptop or stationary computer. When installing Windows 10 on a UEFI computer, a USB media adapted to upgraded loading is used.

UEFI setup before installing Windows 10 from flash card

UEFI is a graphical interface that is responsible for the preloading environment of the operating system.

UEFI is inherently replacing the outdated basic BIOS I / O system, which is not successful in computer technologies. The world does not stand still, but moves forward with seven-year steps, so it's time to part with the old proven "friend, which has repeatedly helped when it comes different problems. Created in 2005 and improved over the past ten years "Expandable Embedded Software Interface" Much more complies with the requirements of the modern hardware of computers. The need for its introduction has arisen for a long time, and now all new models personal computers Release with installed UEFI.

Launching laptop or desktop computer UEFI-BOOT boot loader Similar to BIOS starts start when enabled computers up windows startup 10. With its support, all components and modules and modules are surveyed, which determines their readiness to work, and then the Windows 10 itself is checked. The license code of the program that does not allow the viruses to change the bootloader and install pirate copies of Windows 10, can be located in the microcircuit of the long-term storage device built into motherboard, in the hidden area of \u200b\u200bthe Winchester or to its own network storage. Managing and debugging UEFI is elementary to use and adapted to create maximum user convenience.

If you have an idea of \u200b\u200bdebugging BIOS, problems with the UEFI setup will not arise:

After performing such an action algorithm, you can start installing Windows 10.

Video: How to configure UEFI before downloading Windows 10 from flash cards

Conversion of the MBR drive in the GPT drive

Before converting the MBR disk to the GPT disk, reboot the entire information block to the removableflash card because all the data will be. After conversion, the entire information block is overwritten back to the hard drive.

To convert the hard drive with MBR-partitions in GPT sections, two methods are used:

1. Using the interpreter diskpart.exe:
   
2. With the help utility "Disk Management":
   

It is absolutely optionally to convert a hard drive when installing Windows 10. Just turn off the UEFI parameter "Safe Load" and install the "ten" from a conventional flash drive. All the usefulness of the GPT table is that it supports drives with a volume of over two terabytes, therefore, if the disk is less volume, it does not make sense to transform it.

Video: How to convert the MBR-drive in GPT and vice versa using the "command line"

Creating a UEFI flash card for installing Windows 10

To install Windows 10 from the flash card, you must first assign a bootable priority in UEFI. There is a choice of primary loading for both the hard drive with the MBR-partitions and the hard drive with the GPT table. To assign the priority in UEFI, the transition to the "load priority" block is shown and flash card with installations windows files 10.

Video: How to assign boot priority in UEFI

Creating a bootable flash card supporting UEFI

In cases where the bootable flash card for Windows 10 is created in the MediaCreationTool program, Microsoft Corporation Product, FAT32 File Placement Table Structure is automatically formed. The program simply does not offer any other options, immediately making the universal flash card. Using it, you can install "dozens" on standard hardwore with BIOS or UEFI. There is no difference.

If the computer is integrated on the computer that supports the UEFI interface, only media formatted according to the FAT32 standard is allowed to implement Windows 10.

There is another option to create a universal flash card using the Console of the Command Line Administrator. The algorithm of actions in this case will be like this:

1. Run the "Run" service through the "Standard" services in the Start button menu.
2. Dial the following commands and confirm them with the Enter key:

Download from the Microsoft website with the ISO-way "dozens".

Double-click the image file, opening it and simultaneously connecting to the virtual drive.

Having allocating all files and image directories, copy them by pressing the "Copy" button.

Insert everything into the free area of \u200b\u200bthe flash card.

Copy the files on free place Flashki

On this process of forming a universal boot flash card completed. You can start installing "dozens".

Removable disk prepared for installation Windows 10

The created universal flash card will be bootable for both computers with a basic BIOS I / O system and for those where the UEFI is integrated.

Video: How to create a bootable USB flash drive for Windows 10 using Windows 7 USB / DVD Download Tool, "Command Line" or Windows Media Creation Tool

Creating a flash card only for computers with MBR sections that support UEFI

Fast creation of a bootable flash card for Windows 10 installed on a computer with uEFI supportIt provides for the application of third-party software. One of these programs is RUFUS. It is widespread enough among users and has proven itself well. Its main disadvantage is the impossibility of creating a universal boot flash card. Does not provide for installation on the hard drive. Allows you to perform a wide range of operations:

• carry out flashing BIOS chip;
• generate a bootable flash card using the ISO image of "dozens" or systems such as Linux;
• apply on devices with unidentified operating system;
• conduct low-level formatting.

To form a loading flash card using RUFUS previously downloaded software from the site of the developer.

When forming a flash card for a computer that supports UEFI, with a hard drive having the MBR sections, the following procedure:

Video: How to use the program RUFUS

Creating a flash card only for computers with GPT table supporting UEFI

When forming a flash card for a computer that supports UEFI, with a hard drive having a GPT boot table, you need to apply the following procedure:

The RUFUS program is constantly being improved and updated by the manufacturer. New version Programs can always be obtained on the official developer website.

So that there are no problems with creating boot media, You can resort to a more effective option for the recovery "dozens". To do this, install the system you need to spend from Microsoft. At the end of the installation, the system itself will propose to create an emergency recovery vehicle. Specify in the selection of media flash card and wait for the end of creating a copy. For any failures, perform restore system parameters without deleting documents and installed applications. In this case, it will not be necessary to repeatedly activate the system product, which interferes with the user constantly pop-up reminders.

Standard errors that occur when installing Windows 10 on the GPT disk

When installing the hard drive with GPT sections of the family Windows last Generations - versions 7, 8 and 10 - problems arise related to incorrectly selected settings of the installation.

The first error is the user's attempt to install 32-bit drive windows version 10, which is incompatible with GPT disks. As a consequence, UEFI enters the installation restriction and stops writing files to a hard drive. You can correct this error using when installing Windows 10 64-bit version that is perceived by UEFI.

Second error - an attempt to install on windows computer 10 When the UEFI is turned off. To enable it, you need to set the desired parameters for the bootloader. Depending on the manufacturer, the interface of the basic operating system may differ, but in any version of the UEFI they are present.

To enable UEFI mode, follow a number of actions.

Bios UEFI made a lot of noise in the digital world, and since all new computers and laptops are already installed this interfaceWe had a whole bag of letters regarding this topic. Questions primarily of this nature.

What is Bos UEFI and why did he come to replace the usual BIOS? Why, on a laptop with a BIOS, UEFI, you can only install Windows 8, and you can install another operating system or still set another Operation, while to do it?

Why on a laptop with Bos UEFI Do not install Windows 8 other edition?

Bos UEFI

After reading all the letters, I decided to answer them with one article and so that everything was understandable even to the novice user.

An important stimulus for writing this article was still the fact that for my observations there are a lot of people buying new computers with SSD Drive and motherboard supporting a new UEFI interface, immediately disable this interface and install Windows 8 on hDD With outdated MBR's main boot record.

What then the point was to buy a new expensive computer for 30-40 thousand rubles with SSD drive and BIOS UEFI undoubtedly gives advantages over simple bios. You ask - what are the advantages? That's what I want to talk to you.

We all know what BIOS is, but right, it is a "basic I / O system", and humanly is a firmware built into a simple chip, which in turn is on the motherboard. So, this firmware (BIOS) is a mediator between the operating system installed and components installed on the computer. That is, Bios explains the operating system as possible to function all the components of the computer: motherboard, processor, video card, RAM and so on. Bios launches earlier operating system and immediately checks (POST procedure) hardware Computer listed above: processor, motherboard and everything else, setting the necessary parameters of their work. If any component fails, the BIOS displays through the built-in speaker, the character of which can be understood which device is faulty.

In short, Bios turns out a rather important thing on the computer, but ... Today, friends, a much more perfect tool called UEFI came to replace the BIOS.

What did not suit the usual BIOS?

These are the most important reasons.

1) When the computer is turned on, the BIOS besides checking computer components, checks all hard drives for the main boot entry of the MBR (Master Boot Record), which is in the zero sector and has a size of 512 bytes, when you find a boot record, BIOS starts to execute bootable Code in MBR, then the operating system is loaded. On a computer with ordinary bios and hard disk (having the main boot record MBR (Master Boot Record)), the addressing of volumes is made in such a way that the maximum addressable space on the rigid disk can be a maximum of 2TB, that is, the operating system will not see more than 2TB disk space On the hard disk with the volume of 3TB, which will agree, with the current volumes hard disks not very comfortable.

2) on computers with ordinary bios, hard drives (having the main boot record MBR) There are limit on creating primary partitions, that is, on the MBR disk, you can create only 4 primary partitions - three basic and one additional partition in which you can create logic discs, you can install the operating system to logically, but it will not run without the download manager on Main section). And the BIOS UEFI works with hard drives having a GUID (GPT) partition table, such hard drives can be divided into 128 primary sections.

3) Well, the most important thing, the Bos UEFI is much safer. It is no secret that it has long been a rootkit, which is capable of implementing its code in the BIOS chip and download itself earlier than the operating system, having received it the limitless control of the system itself. In BIOS UEFI it is impossible, there is a safe procedure for downloading "Secure Boot",

Based on special certified keys from Microsoft. Running forward, I will say that because of this safest download, ordinary users cannot install on computers with the UEFI bios. Nothing other than Windows 8, since only Windows 8 today has these most certified keys (hereinafter referred to full information about it).

Advantages of Bios UEFI

So, let's still wonder in order a new BIOS UEFI and learn its main advantages over the usual BIOS. UEFI interface is a mini operating system or in other words, an improved and fully recycled mechanism, which will soon be completely displaced by the BIOS. First, the UEFI took a lot from its predecessor and is intended primarily for the interconnection of the operating system and installed on the Iron computer, that is, all component computers. The UEFI interface should test when the computer is turned on, all the equipment is in good condition and serve the latheface chopper of the operating system loader.

1) BIOS UEFI has its own very convenient and understandable graphical control interface with mouse support. There is a support of the Russian language.

2) BIOS UEFI works with hard drives having a GUID (GPT) partition table, such hard drives can be divided into 128 primary sections (by the way, on the MBR disk, you can create only 4 primary partitions - three basic and one additional partition in which you can create logic discs , You can install the operating system to logically, but it will not start without the download manager on the main section).

3) Bios UEFI makes it possible to use hard disks with a volume of more than 2 TB, the maximum volume of the section can reach 18 exam (18,000,000 terabytes). On a computer with a regular BIOS, the installed operating system will not see more than 2.2 liters of disk space, which is certainly uncomfortable.

4) Hard drives Having a GUID (GPT) partition table operate only with LBA addressing, unlike the MBR Winchesters working with obsolete addressing CHS.

6) on hard disks GUID (GPT) is easier to restore lost data.

7) BIOS UEFI has its own download manager, which is very convenient to use if there are many operating systems on a computer, there is no need to use special loaders, like EasyBCD.

8) Bos UEFI is much easier to update than simple bios.

9) GPT is safer than MBR, since the partition table is recorded at the beginning and at the end of the disk, providing a dubbing.

Secure Boot Secure Download Protocol
But the most main feature UEFI mechanism, which delivers cotton users, happens when reinstalling Windows 8 on a new computer or laptop. In the UEFI BIOS, there is such a Secure Boot safe download protocol based on special certified keyswhich has only Windows 8 from Microsoft Imaicrosoft requires all manufacturers of computers and laptops with pre-installed Windows 8 Enable by default secure SECURE BOOT download protocol.

Having in its distribution such windows keys 8 When it is installed on the computer of any manufacturer, the Secure Boot Upload Protocol is successfully running, but none of the old Windows operating systems, as well as the Distributions of Ubuntu or Linux have such keys. That's why, if on your laptop Bos UEFI, then no other operating system cannot be installed on such a laptop, the output is only one,

but then you will install the operating system you need to disk MBR and lose all the benefits of working with a hard disk having a GUID style (GPT).

Of course, many users have thought that the Microsoft is getting rid of competitors, but Microsoft successfully parries such attacks explaining that the UEFI interface with all its protocols and secure downloads"Secure Boot" it was developed first of all for our security with you and it is difficult to disagree with it (about the rootkitte, which is able to record its code in the usual Bios, I have already spoken at the beginning of the article).

Attentive readers may ask, and why, all the same Linux do not agree with Microsoft and manufacturers of computers and do not get these keys. Answer I found in a blog of one of the developers of Linux kernel - Matthew Garrett,

Matthew Garrett

it turns out that it is difficult for both physically (it will take a lot of time, as it is necessary to negotiate with Microsoft, then you have to negotiate with each manufacturer of computers separately), and legally (problems are associated with grub loader 2 licensed on the license terms GPLV3).

Many readers are interested, and is it possible to make the UEFI bootable USB flash drive with the Windows 7 operating system?

Blood flash drive You can do (we have an article about this), but install Windows 7 on a laptop, where Windows 8 has been installed before, you will not be able to simply pass one of the Secure Boot safe download protocols.

I will say more, even if you want to reinstall on the Windows 8 laptop, then it will turn out only with that editorial office 8, which was installed earlier on your laptop. Usually, the manufacturers are installed on the laptops install Windows 8 for one language (Windows 8 Single Language), so reinstall Windows 8 you get only if you break off installation disk With Windows 8 Single Language.

And install on your laptop for example Windows 8.1 Professional on many laptops You will simply do not work like that, when you install an error "Entered product key does not match any of the Windows images".

Note: If you want to change the version of Windows 8, then reinstall the Windows 8 Single Language installed on your laptop for example on Windows 8 professional, it can also be done, but with laptops of some manufacturers it will not work like that will change additional configuration files that can be used during Windows installation to specify the Windows key and release key, the details in our article ""

At the end of the article I want to say that establish on new laptop Instead of Windows 8, another operating system, for example, Windows 7, can, but as I have already said, in the UEFI bios we will have to turn off the Secure Boot download protocol, how to do it, you can read in our article "How to install on a new windows laptop 7 instead of Windows 8. "

If you have a simple stationary computer, you can install Windows 7 without shutting down the "Secure Boot" option in the UEFI biode, also read the detailed article "How to install Windows 7 on a GPT disk."

Read in the following article How to disable secure Secure Boot Download Protocol.

Articles on this topic.

Modern computers are available with UEFI On board. UEFI is the interface between the operating system and firmware. Designed to replace BIOS. By the way, Apple has long used this technology. But this is not so important, it is important how much to put W7?

Let's go in order.
Suppose you have Windows 8 (working or not) and you want to change it on Windows 7..
So.
Before you need to disable "Secure Boot". This feature UEFI - It prevents downloading executable files or drivers if they are not signed by one of the pre-installed keys.
To disable it log in to UEFI. When you turn on the desktop or laptop, press the "F2" or "Delete" key. In the "BOOT" tab, change the "secure boot" value to "disabled". An additional "OS MODE SELECTION" appears, select "UEFI AND LEGACY OSTUE" Save the settings with the "F10" buttons, then select "Yes" and press "ENTER". The computer will start rebooted.
Go back to UEFI. In the same tab, go to the "Boot Device Priority" option and in paragraph 1, select the device from which you will install Windows. Press "F10" again, then "YES".
All, computer is ready for installation of Windows 7.

If, when installing on a new Windows hard drive, Windows swears on the GPT style style, then (after changes to the UEFI):
Insert the installation disk or flash drive, not much the weather, load in the Windows 7 installation program.

Press install. Accept license agreement. Choose a complete installation.

Call the command line with a combination "SHIFT + F10". IN command line Sequentially enter the command:
diskpart.
SEL DIS 0
Clean.
Convert GPT.
EXIT
EXIT

Click "Update".

Now the continuation button will be active.
Click "Next".