GOU NPO Professional

M E T O D I C E S K I E

RECOMMENDATIONS

FOR COURSE DESIGN

BY DISCIPLINE

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY

by specialty

230105(2203) Software computer science And
automated systems

(a basic level of)

Kaliningrad, 2007

“ APPROVED”

subject

(cyclic) commission

Compiled in accordance with the State requirements for the minimum content and level of training of graduates in the specialty 230 Software for computer technology and automated systems of secondary vocational education (basic level)

Chairman of the PCC

Deputy directors

by UMR

_______________________

_______________________

Reviewers:

INTRODUCTION

In accordance with the state educational standard of secondary vocational education, to a minimum of content and level of training of graduates in the specialty “Software for Computer Engineering and Automated Systems” in the field of special disciplines, the graduate must be able to :

· develop an algorithm for the software implementation of the task;

create a software product according to the developed algorithm, debug and test the software product;

· develop and maintain network applications;

tasks course project are:

The study of the features of a particular subject area related to the topic of the course project;

Analysis of possible approaches and methods of solution with justification of the chosen method;

Selection or development of a model (mathematical, structural, informational, etc.) necessary to achieve the goal;

Selection of efficient algorithms taking into account their accuracy, stability, convergence, etc.;

Analysis of the results of the software work;

Development of program and operational documentation.

2. SELECTING A TOPIC

The topics of course projects are developed by teachers of the educational institution, considered and adopted by the subject (cycle) commission at a meeting of the department, approved by the deputy. director of academic affairs of the college. The topic of the course project can be proposed by the student, in accordance with his interests and the possibilities of disclosing the proposed problem, provided that he substantiates its expediency.

It is allowed to complete a course project on one topic by a group of students.

3. TOPICS OF COURSE PROJECTS (Appendix)

1. Develop a software module "Accounting for students' progress."

2. Develop a program module "Personal files of students".

3. Develop a software module "Department".

4. Develop a software module "Laboratory".

5. Develop a software module "Car Service".

6. Develop a software module "Accounting for violations of the rules traffic».

7. Develop a software module "Card file of the real estate agency".

8. Develop a software module "Card file of ATS subscribers".

9. Develop a software module "Air ticket office".

10. Develop a software module "Bookstore".

11. Develop a software module "Parking".

12. Develop a software module "Recruitment Agency".

13. Develop a software module "Calculation of property depreciation".

14. Develop a software module "Examiner".

15. Develop a software module "Accounting for students' hours worked."

16. Develop a software module "Information and reference program for the mail addresses of clients".

17. Develop a software module "Card file for accounting literature in the library."

18. Develop a software module "Accounting for goods in the warehouse."

19. Develop a software module " game program Master Mind type.

20. Develop a software module "Logic game for guessing a combination of numbers."

21. Develop a software module "Program for displaying the schedule of current classes for a group of students."

22. Develop a software module "Information and reference program for selling CDs".

23. Create a program module "Corporate Web site of a travel company".

24. Create a program module "Corporate Web site of a computer accessories store".

25. Create a program module "Corporate Web site of a computer peripheral store".

26. Create a program module "Personal Web site of the computer network administrator".

27. Create a program module "Web-site of the project for the improvement of the territory of the college."

28. Create a program module "Web site for the project of building a winter garden on the territory of the college."

4. CONTENT AND STAGES
COURSE PROJECT

1. Selecting a topic and agreeing it with the leader. Selection of literature.

2. Studying the requirements for the design of the work.

3. Drawing up a plan for the implementation of the course project. Development of a solution algorithm.

4. Implementation of the algorithm.

5. Debugging the program.

6. Program testing.

7. Drawing up program and operational documentation.

8. Analysis of the obtained results.

9. Registration of the report.

10. Protection of the course project.

5. STRUCTURE OF THE COURSE PROJECT

The course project must include tested software and an explanatory note (at least 20 A4 sheets).

Depending on the course project, a graphic part may be included.

The explanatory note of the course project should have the following
structure:

Title page of the established sample (Appendix 1);

Introduction;

The choice of software and hardware for the implementation of the set
tasks;

The descriptive part of the developed software;

Software documentation;

Operational documentation;

Conclusion, which draws conclusions and recommendations regarding
opportunities to use project materials;

List of used literature;

Applications.

In administered the relevance and significance of the topic is briefly revealed, the purpose and objectives of the project are formulated.

Software Documentation includes the following set of documents:

Creative approach to writing a course project;

Correctness and scientific validity of conclusions;

Accuracy and correct design of the course project.

The final grade of the course work is set based on the results of the defense and the quality of the work.

The term paper must be defended before passing the exam in the discipline “Development Technology software products". Students who have not passed course projects or received unsatisfactory grades on defense are not allowed to take the next exams.

Protected course projects are not returned to students and are stored in the archive of the educational institution.

ANNEX 1

Title page template

GOU NPO Professional

artistic and industrial lyceum № 10

COURSE PROJECT

in the discipline “Technology of software product development”

on the topic of:___________________________________________________________________

Completed by student ______________________________ Surname, name, patronymic

Specialty, course, group __________________________________________

Supervisor ___________________________ Surname, name, patronymic

Date of delivery, student's signature ______________________

________________________________________________

Date of defense, grade, teacher's signature

Kaliningrad

APPENDIX 2

TECHNICAL TASK.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTENT AND DESIGN

GOST 19.201 - 78

The informational part (abstract and content), the change registration sheet may not be included in the document.

To make changes or additions to the terms of reference at the subsequent stages of developing a program or software product, an addendum to it is issued. Coordination and approval of the addendum to terms of reference are carried out in the same order as established for the terms of reference.

Depending on the features of the program or software product, it is allowed to clarify the content of the sections, introduce new sections or combine some of them.

1. INTRODUCTION

In the section indicate the name, brief description the scope of the program or software product and the facility in which the program or software product is used.

2. BASIS FOR DEVELOPMENT

The document (documents) on the basis of which the development is carried out;

The organization that approved this document and the date of its approval;

The name and / or symbol of the development topic.

3. PURPOSE OF THE DEVELOPMENT

The section should indicate the functional and operational purpose of the program or software product.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROGRAM OR SOFTWARE PRODUCT

4.1. performance requirements.

The section should specify the requirements for the composition of the functions performed, the organization of input and output data, temporal characteristics, etc.

4.2. reliability requirements.

The subsection should specify the requirements for ensuring reliable operation (ensuring stability, control of input and output information, recovery time after a failure, etc.).

4.3. Terms of Use.

The subsection should indicate the operating conditions (ambient air temperature, relative humidity, etc. for the selected types of data carriers), under which the specified characteristics should be provided, as well as the type of service, the required number and qualifications of personnel.

4.4. Requirements for information and software compatibility.

The subsection should specify the requirements for information structures at the input and output and solution methods, source codes, programming languages ​​and software tools used by the program.

Where necessary, information and programs should be protected.

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION

The section should include preliminary composition program documentation and, if necessary, special requirements for it.

6. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

The section should indicate: estimated economic efficiency, estimated annual need, economic advantages of the development in comparison with the best domestic and foreign samples or analogues.

7. STAGES AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

The section establishes the necessary development stages, stages and content of work (a list of program documents that must be developed, agreed and approved), as well as, as a rule, the development timeline and determines the executors.

8. ORDER OF CONTROL AND ACCEPTANCE

The section should specify the types of tests and general requirements for acceptance of work.

IN applications to the terms of reference, if necessary, lead:

List of research and other works substantiating the development;

Algorithm schemes, tables, descriptions, justifications, calculations and other documents that can be used in the development;

Other sources of development.

APPENDIX 3

TEXT OF THE PROGRAM (GOST 19.401 - 78)

For the text of the program in the source language, if there is an annotation, it includes a brief description of the function of the program.

The main part of the document should consist of the texts of one or more sections, which are given titles.

It is also allowed to enter a name for a set of sections.

Each of these sections is implemented by one of the symbolic notation types, for example:

Symbolic notation in the original language;

Symbolic notation in intermediate languages;

Symbolic representation of machine codes, etc.

APPENDIX 4

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION (GOST 19.402 - 78)

Depending on the features of the program, it is allowed to introduce additional sections in addition to the ones indicated below, or to combine individual sections.

1. GENERAL

The section should contain: designation and name of the program; software required for the operation of the program; programming languages ​​in which the program is written.

2. FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE

The section should indicate the classes of tasks to be solved and / or the purpose of the program and information about the functional restrictions on the use.

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LOGICAL STRUCTURE

The section should include:

Program algorithms;

Methods used;

Structure of the program with description of functions constituent parts and connections between them;

Links of the program with other programs.

The description of the logical structure of the program is carried out taking into account the text of the program in the source language.

4. TECHNICAL MEANS USED

The section should indicate the types of electronic computers and devices that are used when the program is running.

The section should include:

How to call the program from the corresponding data carrier;

Entry points of the program.

It is allowed to specify download addresses, information about the use of RAM, the size of the program.

6. INPUT DATA

The section should include:

The nature, organization and preliminary preparation of input data;

Format, description, and encoding of input data.

7. IMPRINT

The section should include:

The nature and organization of the imprint;

Format, description, and encoding of the output.

It is allowed to illustrate the content of sections with explanatory examples, tables, diagrams, graphs.

It is allowed to include various materials in the application, which are inappropriate to be included in sections of the document.

APPENDIX 5

EXPLANATORY NOTE (GOST 19.404-79)

Compilation of the information part (summary and content) is optional.

Depending on the features of the document, individual sections (subsections) may be combined, as well as new sections (subsections) may be introduced.

INTRODUCTION

The section indicates the name of the program and / or the symbol of the development topic, as well as the documents on the basis of which the development is being carried out, indicating the organization and date of approval.

1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The section indicates the purpose of the program, a brief description of the scope of the program.

2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

The section should contain the following subsections:

2.1 Statement of the problem.

The statement of the problem for the development of the program is described, the description of the applied mathematical methods and, if necessary, the description of the assumptions and restrictions associated with the chosen mathematical apparatus.

2.2 Description of the algorithm and/or operation of the program.

The algorithm and/or operation of the program is described with justification for the choice of the algorithm scheme for solving the problem, possible interactions of the program with other programs.

2.3 Composition of technical and software tools.

The description and substantiation of the choice of the composition of the method of organizing input and output data is given.

2.4 Composition of hardware and software.

The description and justification of the choice of the composition of hardware and software based on the calculations and / or analyzes carried out, the distribution of data carriers used by the program are given.

3. EXPECTED TECHNO-ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

The section indicates the technical and economic indicators that justify the advantage of the chosen technical solution option, as well as, if necessary, the expected operational indicators.

4. SOURCES USED IN THE DEVELOPMENT

The section indicates a list of scientific and technical publications, regulatory documents and other scientific and technical materials that are referenced in the main text.

IN application the document may include tables, justifications, methods, calculations and other documents used in the development.

APPENDIX 6

STATEMENT OF ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS

GOST 19.507 - 79

Compilation of the information part (summary and content) is optional.

The statement lists the documents included in the list of operational documents.

The list of operational documents should contain the following sections: documents for the program; documents for the components of the program.

The list of operational documents for a component that has independent use should contain only the “Documents for the program” section.

In the “Documents for the program” section, all operational documents (except for the statement of operational documents) must be recorded on this program.

In the section “Documents for the component parts of the program”, statements of operational documents for all programs directly included in the program should be recorded.

Documents are recorded in the statement under the headings of sections in the column “Name”.

Documents are recorded in the statements in ascending order of the type code of the document included in the designation.

The columns of the statement are filled in as follows:

· in the column "Designation" indicate the designation of documents in accordance with GOST 19.103-77;

in the column “Name” indicate the full name of the operational document in accordance with the name indicated in the approval sheet or title page;

For documents for this program, only the name and type of documents are recorded;

in the column “Col. copy.” indicate the number of copies this document;

· in the column “Location” indicate the number of the folder in which the printed document is stored.

It is allowed to write down the text of notes and additional information related to additional operational documents, if necessary.

It is allowed to give serial numbers of notes.

The text of the notes can be recorded at the end of the relevant sections of the statement of operational documents. It is allowed to write the text of the notes on the last sheets of the statement of operational documents on forms without columns with the serial number of the notes.

The statement also provides, if necessary, a list of folders in which printed documents are placed.

Folders in the statement are recorded after listing all documents under the heading “List of folders” in the column “Name” in ascending order of their serial numbers.

When recording folders, the columns of the statement are filled in as follows:

The column “Designation” is underlined;

In the column “Name” indicate the name and number of the folder, for example, “Folder No. 1”;

In the column "Col. copy.” indicate the number of copies of the folders of this name, which are part of one set of operational documents;

In the "Location" column indicate, if necessary, the location of the folders.

An example of filling out a statement of operational documents

Designation

Name

Location

A. V. 001-01_32_01-1

Operating system. System recovery tools

A. V. 001-01_32_01-2

Operating system. Link editor.

APPENDIX 7

DESCRIPTION OF APPLICATION (GOST 19.502-78)

Compilation of the informational part (abstract and content) is mandatory.

Depending on the features of the program, it is allowed to introduce additional sections or combine individual sections.

1. PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAM

The section indicates the purpose, capabilities of the program, its main characteristics, restrictions imposed on the scope of the program.

2. CONDITIONS OF USE

The section indicates the conditions necessary for the implementation of the program (requirements for the technical means necessary for this program, and other programs, general characteristics of input and output information, as well as requirements and conditions of an organizational, technical and technological nature, etc.).

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM

The section should contain definitions of the problem and methods for solving it.

4. INPUT AND OUTPUT DATA

The section should contain information about the input and output data.

Reference materials (illustrations, tables, graphs, examples, etc.) may be included in the appendix to the document.

APPENDIX 8

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

(GOST 19.508-79)

Compilation of the informational part (abstract and content) is mandatory.

Depending on the features of the document, it is allowed to introduce additional sections.

1. INTRODUCTION

The section indicates the purpose of the manual, a list of operational documents that should be used in addition to the manual during maintenance.

2. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

The section indicates the order Maintenance, give instructions on the organization and features of its implementation.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR TECHNICAL MEANS

The section indicates the minimum composition of technical means that ensures the operation of the program.

4. DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONS

The section indicates:

The maximum composition of the technical means tested by this program;

Description of the joint functioning of hardware and software, indicating the error handling method;

Description of the organization of input and output data used in the maintenance of technical means;

Description of the interactions of devices with the program, the results of interactions, with the output of the results of the program.

APPENDIX 9

1. Develop a software module "Accounting for students' progress."

The software module is designed to promptly record the progress of students in a session by the dean, deputy deans and dean's staff. Information about the progress of students should be stored during the entire period of their studies and used in the preparation of certificates of courses taken and diploma supplements.

2. Develop a program module "Personal files of students".

The software module is designed to obtain information about students by employees of the dean's office, trade union committee and personnel department. The information must be kept during the entire period of students' education and used in the preparation of certificates and reports.

3. Develop a software module "Department".

The module contains information about the staff of the department (name, position, academic degree, disciplines, workload, social work, part-time work, etc.) and is intended for use by employees of the personnel department and the dean's office.

4. Develop a software module "Laboratory".

The module contains information about laboratory employees (name, gender, age, marital status, presence of children, position, academic degree) and is intended for use by employees of the trade union committee and the personnel department.

5. Develop a software module "Car Service".

When registering for service, an application is filled out, which indicates the name of the owner, car brand, type of work, date of receipt of the order and the cost of repairs. After the work is completed, a receipt is printed.

6. Develop a software module "Accounting for violations of traffic rules
movement."

For each car and its owner, a list of violations is stored in the database. For each violation, the date, time, type of violation and size are recorded; fine. When all fines are paid, the car is removed from the database.

7. Develop a software module "Card file of the real estate agency".

The module is intended for use by agency employees. The database contains information about apartments (number of rooms, floor, footage, etc.). Upon receipt of an application for an exchange (buy, sale), a search is made suitable option. If this is not the case, the client is entered into the client base and notified when an option appears.

8. Develop a software module "Card file of ATS subscribers".

The card file contains information about phones and their owners. Fixes payment arrears (subscriber and time-based). It is believed that the time payment of local telephone conversations already entered.

9. Develop a software module "Air ticket office".

The module contains information about the availability of seats on air routes. The database should contain information about the flight number, crew, type of aircraft, date and time of departure, as well as the cost of air tickets (of different classes). When an application for tickets is received, the program searches for a suitable flight.

10. Develop a software module "Bookstore".

11. Develop a software module "Parking".

The program contains information about the brand of the car, its owner, the date and time of entry, the cost of parking, discounts, payment arrears, etc.

12. Develop a software module "Recruitment Agency".

The module contains information about vacancies and resumes. The software module is designed both to find an employee who meets the requirements of the company's managers, and to find a suitable job.

13. Develop a software module "Calculation of property depreciation".

The program should provide calculations by two methods (uniform depreciation and multiple accounting of depreciation), as well as provide control over the correctness of the input data and issue warning messages in case of: a) the absence of one or more data for calculation;

b) the specified liquid value exceeds the initial value;

c) a calculation period is specified that exceeds the depreciation period.

14. Develop a software module "Examiner".

The test task should consist of 5-7 questions, the name of the test file is specified in command line program list.

15. Develop a software module "Accounting for hours worked
students."

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; enable input-output of the student's surname, group number and hours worked, as well as short description completed work; display a list of students and a brief job description for each of them; be able to edit the list and descriptions.

16. Develop a software module "Information and reference program for the mail addresses of clients".

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; enable the input-output of the client's last name, first name and patronymic and his postal address; display a list of clients and an address for each of them; be able to edit the list and addresses; be able to create and display multiple lists; be able to export information to other applications, such as MS Word.

17. Develop a software module "Card file for accounting literature in the library."

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; enable input-output of the book title and author and a brief annotation; display a list of books and annotation for each of them; be able to edit the title of the book and annotation; be able to create several lists on the subject of literature and transfer information from one list to another.

18. Develop a software module "Accounting for goods in the warehouse."

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; give the opportunity to enter the name of the product and quantity, as well as a brief description; display a list of products and descriptions for each; be able to edit the product name and description; be able to create multiple lists by product groups.

19. Develop a software module "Game type programMasterMind".

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; give the ability to guess color sets and display information about errors; the user is given several attempts; if the set is guessed, a win message is displayed, if not, a new attempt or a loss message is displayed.

20. Develop a software module "Logic game for guessing a combination of numbers."

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; give the opportunity to guess numerical combinations and display information about errors; the user is given several attempts; if the combination is guessed, a win message is displayed, if not, a new attempt or a loss message is displayed. Thinking time is limited.

21. Develop a software module "Program for displaying the schedule of current classes for a group of students."

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; depending on the time, display the ongoing lesson on the screen, its beginning and end in accordance with the entered schedule.

22. Develop a software module "Information and reference program for saleCD".

The program must be implemented using MS Visual Studio; enable input-output of the disc name, cost and summary; display a list of discs and a brief summary for each of them; be able to edit the list and contents; be able to import a disc description from another application, such as MS Word.

23. Create a software module "CorporateTravel company website.

The node must contain home page, a news page, 3 pages of descriptions of tourist routes and services and a page feedback In addition, the node must contain textual, graphical and multimedia information.

24. Create a software module "CorporateWeb site of a computer accessories store.

The node should contain a home page, a news page, a feedback page, and several parts description pages, for example, hard disks, video cards and TV tuners. In addition, the node must contain textual, graphical and multimedia information.

25. Create a software module "CorporateComputer Peripheral Store Web Site.

The node should contain a home page, a news page, a feedback page, and several pages describing peripherals such as printers, displays, and webcams. In addition, the node must contain textual, graphical and multimedia information.

26. Create a program module "PersonalWeb site of the computer network administrator.

The node should contain a home page, a page about itself, a network diagram and its location by premises, a page of remarks and their corrections. The node must contain textual, graphical and multimedia information

27. Create a program module "Website of the lyceum territory improvement project.

28. Create a program module "Web-site of the project of building a winter garden on the territory of the lyceum.

The node should contain a home page, a description of the project, a list of milestones with deadlines, a list of participants and their responsibilities, and a discussion forum. The node must contain textual, graphical and multimedia information

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. GOST 7.1–84. Bibliographic description of the document. General requirements and rules for compilation.

2. GOST 7.9-95. Abstract and abstract. General requirements.

3. Standards of the Unified System of Program Documentation (ESPD).

4. Shishkin instructions for the course project. - Smolensk, 2002.

5. Rudakov data. Application development. - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2006

6. Ilyushechkin use and design of databases - M.: Higher education. 2009

INTRODUCTION.. 3

1. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF COURSE DESIGN .. 3

2. SELECT THEME... 4

3. TOPICS OF COURSE PROJECTS.. 4

5. STRUCTURE OF THE COURSE PROJECT .. 5

6. FORMULATION OF THE EXPLANATORY NOTE TO THE COURSE PROJECT .. 6

7. DEFENSE OF THE COURSE PROJECT .. 7

APPENDIX 1.8

APPENDIX 2.9

APPENDIX 3. 11

APPENDIX 4. 12

APPENDIX 5. 14

APPENDIX 6. 15

APPENDIX 7. 16

APPENDIX 8. 17

APPENDIX 9. 18

REFERENCES... 22

Laboratory works No. 1-5 are performed for the same option.

• 1. Develop a software module "Accounting for students' progress." The software module is designed to promptly record the progress of students in a session by the dean, deputy deans and dean's staff. Information about the progress of students should be stored during the entire period of their studies and used in the preparation of certificates of courses taken and diploma supplements.
• 2. Develop a program module "Personal files of students". The software module is designed to obtain information about students by employees of the dean's office, trade union committee and personnel department. The information must be kept during the entire period of students' education and used in the preparation of certificates and reports.
• 3. Develop a software module "Solution of combinatorial optimization problems". The module should contain algorithms for finding a cycle of minimum length (traveling salesman problem), finding the shortest path, and finding the minimum spanning tree.
• 4. Develop the application 'Utsio? 5 "Organizer". The application is designed to record, store and search for addresses and phone numbers individuals and organizations, as well as schedules, meetings, etc. The application is designed for any computer user.
• 5. Develop yindows app "Calculator". The application is intended for any user and should contain all arithmetic operations (with respect to priorities) and preferably (but not required) a few mathematical functions.
• 6. Develop a software module "Department", containing information about the staff of the department (name, position, academic degree, disciplines, workload, social work, part-time work, etc.). The module is intended for use by employees of the personnel department and the dean's office.
• 7. Develop a software module "Laboratory", containing information about the laboratory staff (name, gender, age, marital status, presence of children, position, academic degree). The module is intended for use by employees of the trade union committee and the personnel department.
• 8. Develop a software module "Car Service". When registering for service, an application is filled out, which indicates the name of the owner, car brand, type of work, date of receipt of the order and the cost of repairs. After the work is completed, a receipt is printed.
• 9. Develop a software module "Accounting for traffic violations." For each car (and its owner) a list of violations is stored in the database. For each violation, the date, time, type of violation and the amount of the fine are recorded. When all fines are paid, the car is removed from the database.
• 10. Develop a software module "Card file of the real estate agency", intended for use by the agency's employees. The database contains information about apartments (number of rooms, floor, footage, etc.). Upon receipt of an application for an exchange (buy, sale), a search is made for a suitable option. If this is not the case, the client is entered into the client base and notified when an option appears.
• 11. Develop a software module "Card file of ATS subscribers". The card file contains information about phones and their owners. Fixes payment arrears (subscriber and time-based). It is believed that the hourly payment of local telephone calls has already been introduced.
• 12. Develop a software module "Air ticket office", containing information on the availability of seats on air routes. The database should contain information about the flight number, crew, type of aircraft, date and time of departure, as well as the cost of air tickets (of different classes). When an application for tickets is received, the program searches for a suitable flight.
• 13. Develop a software module "Bookshop", containing information about books (author, title, publisher, year of publication, price). The buyer fills out an application for the books he needs, if there are none, he is entered into the database and notified when the necessary books arrive at the store.
• 14. Develop a software module "Parking". The program contains information about the brand of the car, its owner, the date and time of entry, the cost of parking, discounts, payment arrears, etc.
• 15. Develop a program module "Recruitment Agency", containing information about vacancies and resumes. The software module is designed both to find an employee who meets the requirements of the company's managers, and to find a suitable job.

Introduction

1. Analytical part

1.1Technical and economic characteristics of the subject area and the enterprise.

1.1.1 Characteristics of the enterprise

1.2 Characteristics of the complex of tasks, tasks and justification for the need for automation

1.2.1 Selection of a set of automation tasks and characteristics of existing business processes

1.2.2 Justification of the need to use computer technology to solve the problem

1.2.3 Description of the main properties of IS for the enterprise and the selected set of tasks

1.2.4 Economic essence of the set of tasks

1.2.5 Determination of the place of the projected task in the complex of tasks

1.2.6 Essence of the task

1.3.2 Selecting and justifying a task automation strategy

1.4 Setting goals and subtasks of automation. Criteria for achieving the goal.

1.4.3 general characteristics organizing the solution of subtasks on a computer

1.5 Analysis of existing developments and justification for the choice of design technology.

1.6 Justification of design decisions

1.6.2 Justification of design solutions for information support

2. Design part

2.1 Information support of the task

2.1.4 Characteristics of the database.

2.2 Software task

2.3 Technological support of the task

2.4 Project implementation test case and its description

Conclusion

List of sources used

1.1 Technico - economic characteristics of the subject area and the enterprise

1.1.1 Enterprise characteristics

1. Full name: Agency for real estate transactions "Elena". Short name: Elena Real Estate Agency.

2. Elena Real Estate Agency is registered by a private entrepreneur in accordance with the law of the Russian Federation “On state registration legal entities and individual entrepreneurs.

3. Location of the Agency: Russian Federation, Republic of Bashkortostan, Oktyabrsky city, Lenina avenue, 67.

4. Tasks:

· Provision of services to the population for the purchase and sale, donation, other real estate transactions in accordance with market demand.

Assistance in obtaining mortgage lending.

· Creation available services searching for real estate information.

· Provision of a full range of services for investing in real estate.

Ensuring stability in the activities of the enterprise.

5. Goals of the firm:

· Extraction of profit.

· Become a reliable, conscientious agency providing high quality services.

· Attraction of new clients.

· Expansion of the territorial coverage of activities.

Real estate agencies "Elena" for 2006, 2007, 2008.

	Basic indicators	2006	2007	Deviations (%)2007 to 2006	2008	Deviations (%)2007 to 2006
1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.	The volume of services provided, thousand rubles;	6500	7100	109	9800	151
2.	Cost of services rendered, thousand rubles;	5200	5400	104	7340	141
3.	Costs per 1 ruble of services rendered, kopecks;	1,25	0,76	60	0,75	60
4.	Profit, thousand rubles;	1300	1700	131	2460	189
5.	Profitability, %	25	34	136	33	132
6.	Number of personnel, persons;	5	6	120	8	160
7.	Labor productivity, thousand rubles / person;	1300	1183	91	1225	94
8.	Average monthly salary, rub;	8000	10000	125	15000	187
9.	Payroll fund, rub;	40000	60000	150	120000	300

Using the above data, let's evaluate the financial results of the agency "Elena" for the period 2006, 2007, 2008.

The table shows that the volume of services provided is growing every year: in 2007, in relation to 2006 - by 9%, in 2008 - by 51%.

The following factors contributed to this increase:

Mortgage lending was available in 2008 - the bank's interest ranged from 11% per annum;

The market for the services provided has expanded significantly, capturing the nearby cities of the region;

With the advent of new realtors in the agency, the terms of work have been drastically reduced;

Lawyer provided free consultations, after which clients become clients of the transaction processing agency.

The cost of services rendered in 2007, compared to 2006, increased by 4%, and in 2008, respectively, increased by 41%. The following factors contributed to the cost increase:

Rising energy costs, rising prices for water, heat, telephone connection, payment for the Internet;

Installation of the latest security alarm;

Increased fuel consumption for cars;

Costs per 1 ruble of services provided (the ratio of cost to volume of services provided) in 2007 and 2008 compared to 2006 decreased by 40%.

This decrease is due to the fact that the company seeks to minimize costs by:

Unlimited internet connections;

Greater use of word of mouth to attract customers;

Restrictions on long-distance telephone calls;

Judging by the profit indicators (the difference between the volume of services and the cost), the agency works profitably, that is, profit is growing every year: in 2007, relative to 2006, it increased by 31%, in 2008, also, relative to 2006, it increased by 89% .

This was affected by a reduction in costs per 1 ruble of services provided. The dynamics of profitability growth is determined by the same reasons.

The number of personnel increases annually, in 2007 1 realtor was added to the staff, in 2008 - 3 more specialists. This is due to the increase in the volume of services provided. If necessary, specialists replace each other, thereby increasing the level of their qualifications, while preventing the client from leaving the company for another agency.

In 2007, labor productivity (the ratio of the volume of services provided to the number of employees), in relation to 2006, decreased by 9%, and in 2008, compared with 2006, by 6%. This was influenced by the expansion of the state. However, this is normal for the company, employees quickly enter the work rhythm, thereby there are tendencies to increase the productivity of the team.

The average monthly salary of employees in 2007, compared to 2006, increased by 25%, in 2008, by 87%, respectively. Consequently, the wage fund increases (the product of the average monthly wage and the number of employees). This growth is associated with an increase in the volume of services provided, just as the director encourages with bonuses for efficiency and professionalism, at the expense of the company he sends to paid seminars in Moscow, Ufa, Samara.

In general, the real estate agency "Elena" works stably, with a profit, despite the general economic instability. Raising and lowering prices affect the real estate market, but there is always someone who wants to sell and someone who wants to buy property, it is necessary to organize the work of the company in such a way that they come to you for your services.

1.1.2 Organizational structure of enterprise management and its characteristics

Structure

The agency has a rudimentary organizational structure that reflects the two-tier division found only in small organizations.

Head of the office. Realtor group leader

Responsibilities:

· Managing a group of realtors.

· Planning, control and reporting on the work of the office.

· Monitoring the progress of all transactions.

· Training of realtors.

· Receiving and making advance payments.

Senior Legal Counsel:

Responsibilities:

· Deal support

Checking the "purity" of the documentation

· Monitoring compliance with the legislation of the agency's activities.

Accountant

Responsibilities:

· Preparing and submitting reports

Realtor

Responsibilities:

・Receive calls

· Advising potential clients.

· Conclusion of agency agreements in the company's office and on-site visits to the client.

· Selection of apartments on a specialized real estate database.

· Showing apartments.

Collection of documents

· Preparation of transactions.

· Making advance payments.

Office Manager

Responsibilities:

· Administrative support of office activities.

· Meeting clients. Tea, coffee for clients.

· Send/receive faxes. Printout of documents.

· Purchase of stationery and other goods for the life of the office.

Maintaining statistics of visits to the office by employees.

Courier

· Delivery of correspondence.

· Delivery of documents.

Figure 1.1 Organization Chart

Characteristic

Real estate activity does not imply the presence of special education, because. the education market does not train specialists in this field.

All people working in the agency have a higher education, but the professions and areas of activity before working at the Elena agency were quite diverse. All of them have a "commercial streak", as a rule, they are former entrepreneurs or experienced lawyers.

For example, legal adviser Giniyatullin Galimyan Gallimullinovich graduated from the Bashkir State University, faculty of law. He has been engaged in legal activities for more than 30 years, before joining the agency he worked in the Oktyabrsky department of the State Registration Chamber, in 2008 he received a certificate of advanced training in the direction of "Management of a real estate company".

However, one should not underestimate the young employees of the company, who may not know some nuances, but surround their client with attention and care, take a responsible approach to business, so that later they will tell their friends about them.

The company has a highly qualified accountant with extensive work experience, so that the company conducts its business in accordance with the law, knows what taxes to pay.

The specificity of consumer demand lies in the fact that the company does not have regular customers. This is due to the fact that having satisfied their needs for housing, or vice versa, having sold an apartment, the further need for services disappears. However, having professionally completed the deal, having issued legal support for the deal, the agency's employees earn a good reputation, thus, direct clients recommend the agency to their relatives and friends.

Most likely, such a scheme works and gives results.

The agency "Elena" has increased from two to eight people. This is a mobile well-coordinated team that constantly improves its skills. Five people have higher education, two study at universities, which allows us to provide high-quality professional services, attracting all large quantity clients

1.1.3 Description of the information and technical support of the enterprise, the functionality used

The business entity we are considering uses the following equipment.

7 personal computers.

7 stationary telephone set on one line.

· 3 printers.

· 1 fax machine.

· 1 copier.

· 1 router for Internet access.

And the following software.

7 operating systems Windows XP

7 MSoffice 2003 packages

1 accounting program 1C Accounting 7.7

· 1 software package Guarantor.

1.2 Characteristics of the complex of tasks, tasks and justification for the need for automation

1.2.2 Selection of a set of automation tasks and characteristics of existing business processes

Currently, a commercial enterprise has to operate in difficult financial and economic conditions. The key to the successful operation of the enterprise in such conditions is the most effective organization of the enterprise at all levels. This is a complex task, the successful solution of which is not in the field of any one science, but usually at the intersection of many disciplines, such as management and management, logistics, accounting and, of course, computer science.

Automation of business processes of a modern enterprise is a necessary and indispensable condition for its successful functioning. It is difficult to imagine today an enterprise where, for example, accounting is carried out manually. But accounting is far from the only example of an automation application in an enterprise. Existing information Technology allow you to automate the activities of almost all levels of the enterprise. Based on this, it becomes clear that the automation of activities is becoming a key task that management needs to solve in order for the enterprise to work as efficiently as possible.

In this thesis project, the automation of the activity of an enterprise providing services is considered, which, of course, imposes its own specifics on the task of automation. Automation of the activity of an enterprise providing services is a set of tasks, each of which is a complete project. Automation tasks include:

accounting in the enterprise;

accounting for apartments and houses for rent and sale;

accounting for clients wishing to rent or buy an apartment;

Accounting for clients who receive other services;

You can bring a number of subsystems in the complex tasks of automating the activities of a real estate agency. It should be noted that all tasks in the complex of tasks are interconnected, and the operations taking place in the enterprise cannot be related to any one task.

1.2.3 Justification of the need to use computer technology to solve the problem

An analysis of the problem posed leads to the conclusion that its solution by traditional accounting tools using paper documents is possible but inefficient. First of all, such a conclusion follows from the analysis of the number of transactions in the management of a client or a property. For a large real estate agency, the number of such transactions can reach such a number that their manual execution becomes simply impossible. It is also very difficult to store and search for information about real estate and its properties, clients and transactions in paper form. There is no need to describe the advantages and convenience of searching for information, for example, about an apartment in a convenient and fast information system compared to searching for such information in folders of paper documents. Similarly, the search for information about any completed operation of the real estate activity can be found in the journal electronic documents with all the details of its implementation quickly and conveniently.

However, the use of computer technology provides not only the convenience and speed of searching for information and paperwork, but also raises the efficiency of work to a fundamentally new level, providing functions that were previously inaccessible. First of all, it concerns the subsystem of analytical information. Previously, when using a paper accounting system, it was possible to obtain information about completed transactions and analyze the most demanded services only by lifting all the documentation and contracts, but now it has become much faster and more accessible, which will allow you to better assess the demand for various services on the market.

In addition to the above, highlight a number of analytical reports that can be obtained using automated information system. From such reports, analysis of the state of the real estate market, analysis of the proposals of the real estate market, fluctuations in the cost of housing, analysis of concluded services.

Another indisputable advantage of using an automated information system is the security of information storage. When storing information on paper, the loss of any paper document was irreplaceable. Such a loss could occur both as a result of the actions of malefactors, and as a result of the action of irresistible forces. When information is stored in in electronic format existing methods ensuring the security of information storage and its duplication make such storage absolutely reliable.

Thus, we can single out the following main advantages of using an automated information system based on computer technology to solve the problem of building an accounting system:

Improving the convenience of searching and selecting data from directories for storing static information and logs of operations performed;

· increasing the speed of search and selection of information, as well as registration of real estate transactions;

· Ensuring the impact of each newly appeared proposals on the real estate market on the old applications of customers;

Ensuring the security of information storage;

Providing multi-user work.

1.2.4 Description of the main properties of IS for the enterprise and the selected set of tasks.

The main properties of IS for this enterprise are

Small and uncomplicated - no need for current tasks in a large and complex IC

· Dynamic and easily changeable - built on the basis of Microsoft Access does not require specialized skills to change IP

Low security - at this stage, the enterprise has no requirements for IP security

· A person takes an active part in the work of IS - data entry, data acquisition.

· It is exposed to random factors such as - errors of those devices, personnel errors.

This class of tasks is important, since the automation of the activities of such an enterprise as a real estate agency as a whole is a rather non-trivial task.

Software for such a class of tasks as automating the activities of a real estate agency is quite rare and not widely used, most likely due to the fact that large agencies write such software on their own with entire departments and do not subsequently put it up for sale so as not to make life easier for their potential competitors.

Therefore, in order to obtain such an IS, it is advisable for an enterprise to develop the most suitable system for it, taking into account all the nuances of the activity of this company.

And of course, the use of IP in such a rapidly changing industry as working with real estate in our days of crisis will help to quickly assess the market situation and take proactive steps in the direction that will give maximum amount arrived now. What is very important for the survival of the company in the market during a crisis. Allows you to estimate costs.

In the future, the system will also allow evaluating long-term prospects and providing information for understanding what it is worth investing in for the long term.

1.2.6 Determination of the place of the projected task in the complex of tasks

Among the tasks of automation, one should separately highlight the task of automating the maintenance of the real estate database, as well as maintaining the database of the organization's customers.

The accumulation of customer data is a very important part of the automation of an enterprise that is aimed at customer service, using this database you can understand what customers need at the moment, even if we cannot currently satisfy the customer's request, information about what he needs will help in development range of services of our company. The customer base will easily allow you to conduct research in order to better target your offers in the market. It will give an advantage over competitors who do not have automation.

Automation of the real estate database will make it possible to respond faster and more fully to the wishes of customers, to make complex selections and searches by numerous parameters, which significantly exceeds the current situation when all data is stored in text documents in the Microsoft word format.

The purpose of this diploma project is to solve exactly the task of automating the client database and the real estate database - the central task of the complex task of automating the activities of the enterprise.

The complex of automation tasks and the place of the problem being solved in this complex are shown in Figure 1.2.

Figure 1.2 The complex of automation tasks and the place of the problem being solved in this complex.

1.2.7 Essence of the task

The customer and real estate accounting system consists of many aspects.

The solution to this problem consists of solving subtasks that can be identified in this problem. The following subsystems can be distinguished:

The subsystem for managing apartments and houses for sale and the subsystem for managing clients for renting apartments and houses are designed to store all the necessary data about real estate objects. Such static data can be the property itself and its characteristics, additional information about the property and other data.

The subsystem for managing clients for the purchase of apartments and houses and the subsystem for managing clients for renting apartments and houses should provide customer information, a list of customer requirements, the desired type of payment, information about who is conducting the transaction, the location of real estate and other information about the client's desires. The subsystem should be able to track the transaction stage. The subsystem for managing clients for other services should provide data about the client himself and the services that he needs, the ability to track the stage of work, contain information about the employee who leads this client. Contain other information that employees think is necessary. The subsystem of analytical information should provide users of the program with the possibility of compiling reports on completed transactions. Reports should have flexible settings, allow you to set the conditions for generating reports, as well as sections for generating reports. All reports must have printing forms for ease of presentation.

1.3 Analysis of existing developments and choice of automation strategy

1.3.1 Analysis of existing developments for task automation

Currently, there is a very small number of automated information systems that solve the problem of automating the activities of a real estate agency.

For example, the system "Ideal Option: Real Estate" in this system, the following features are implemented

Convenient and simple interface

Also, more or less similar options are systems:

«Database of Real Estate Objects»

"Real Estate Expert"

The best system on the market is of course Ideal: Real Estate»

However, the automated system "Ideal Option: Real Estate" is quite complex and cumbersome. The system requires high qualifications from the user and, in addition, requires quite complex configuration and administration.

Not least important is the high cost factor automated system“Ideal option: Real estate”, the need to hire a qualified specialist to support and maintain the DBMS, user training, and the impossibility of emergency technical support due to the developer’s strong remoteness will also greatly affect the cost. Also, there is no need for most of the functions of this system.

Thus, it seems inappropriate to use the automated system "Ideal Option: Real Estate" in the Academy of Sciences "Elena" to solve the highly specialized task of creating an automated information system. It seems much cheaper and faster to write a separate application that solves this problem, is easy to install and use, cheap and easy to use. Easily adaptable to new company requirements.

From the analysis of the activity of the enterprise, a lot of shortcomings in the construction of existing system organization of real estate work in the company. First of all, this concerns the fact that data warehouses are paper repositories or simple text documents, the search for information in which can only be carried out manually, which is a very inconvenient and difficult process. It is also inconvenient that when changing any information about the property, it is necessary to redo the entire real estate catalog, if the price changes, redo the price list, and if the counterparty data changes, redo the customer file. All this is inefficient, requires a lot of time and resources. Storing documents in archives also does not help to speed up the search for documents and increase the convenience of working with them.

An analysis of the problem posed leads to the conclusion that it is impossible to solve it with traditional accounting tools using paper documents. Consequently, the strategy for solving the problem is the automation of all processes related to real estate activities in the enterprise.

The task will be automated by developing an application that implements the "automated system of the real estate agency" (abbr. ASAN). The developed system must satisfy all the requirements that are presented to it when setting the problem.

1.3.3 Selection and justification of the method of acquiring IP for task automation

To develop an application that implements accounting, the following IS will be needed:

operating room Windows system designed to run on a client machine;

Server-type Windows operating system or if there are less than 10 employees working with the “Automated Real Estate Agency System” - operating system Client-type Windows designed to run on a server and provide a multi-user connection to a database

· DBMS MSAccess to ensure the local functioning of the accounting system on each machine;

· To develop an application, it is most expedient to use the MSAccess DBMS due to the small size of the IS.

All of these IS must be purchased for the development and further use of the "Automated Real Estate Agency System" at the enterprise.

1.4 Setting goals and subtasks of automation. Goal Achievement Criteria

1.4.1 Economic essence of the problem

The economic essence of the task of automating the real estate activity of the Elena real estate agency is to increase labor productivity by automating routine activities, as well as activities that can be accelerated by switching to another system.

Due to the acceleration of the paperwork process, it will be possible either to increase the number of transactions made and thereby increase the company's turnover and, ultimately, profit.

Or if the size of the market (due to a crisis, for example) is not enough to increase the number of transactions, it will be possible to reduce staff to reduce costs, which ultimately again leads to higher profits.

In the event that the reduction of employees is not one of the options for any reason, then it is possible to increase the presence of the real estate agency in the market not directly related to the real estate trade, such as consulting services, assistance in preparing documents related to real estate, conducting mortgage cases, mediation in trade land and other services, at least indirectly related to real estate.

So, ultimately, the goal of this automation is to reduce the costs of office work, reduce costs and increase profits. And also, if possible, expanding the scope of the real estate agency "Elena" in other areas.

1.4.2 Goals and purpose of the automated solution to the problem

The purpose of the graduation project is to develop an "Automated Real Estate Agency System" and create an application that implements this system. The developed system should solve the problem of automating the work of a real estate agency and perform the following functions:

· Maintaining a table of real estate sales indicating their main and additional characteristics. The main characteristics of the product include the following: type of property, number of rooms / floors, owner and his contacts, detailed description, cost, type of house, type of apartment. Additional characteristics include any user-defined properties (see below).

· For any real estate object from the real estate reference book, additional properties can be set and stored in a linked table. The composition of types of properties and their values ​​are determined solely by the user of the program, which allows you to create a set of properties for objects of unlimited scope and any content

· Maintenance of a directory of exchange of apartments, houses with indication of the main characteristics.

· Directory of exchange of apartments, houses must be linked to the directory of properties. An interface for selecting options by properties should be provided.

· The program should allow you to maintain a directory of clients of the real estate agency. The customer directory should contain all the necessary fields in order to characterize the customer: name, full name, address, phone number, detailed description.

· The program should provide the ability to select (filter) clients by various combinations of parameters: according to the characteristics of clients, their additional properties, according to managers who lead the client. The filter must have flexible settings and the ability to "intelligent" selection of records.

· The program should provide the ability to generate reports on the sale / exchange of apartments with various combinable filters.

The program must run without interruption when critical errors, even those that arise due to the fault of the user or due to errors in the input data. Accordingly, sections of the program in which such errors may occur must be handled in the program in a special way. If an error occurs, the program should continue its work after issuing a corresponding warning.

The program must ensure the physical and logical integrity of the database. When changing or deleting data, the program must maintain the referential integrity of the information in the database.

1.4.3 General characteristics of the organization of solving subtasks on a computer.

The task of automating the work of the agency consists of several main subtasks:

· Create a database with a convenient storage method.

The AS database must meet the following requirements:

Availability - The database must be easily accessible over the network for multi-user operation.

No need for maintenance by specially trained personnel - which increases the cost of maintaining the AU and increases downtime in case of failures.

Easy Opportunity Reserve copy and recovery - the lack of requirements for organizing a complex backup and recovery procedure is due to the lack of qualified specialists and the unwillingness to incur additional costs for them.

Easy upgradeability - the simplicity and openness of the AU is one of the main requirements for the company's insurance against the impossibility of the developer of this AU to continue to work and maintain it.

Lack of high requirements for hardware components - for the absence of high additional costs for the modernization of the company's computer fleet.

· Creation of subsystems of the automated system for various needs.

· Creation of ways of input of the information in a database.

The input of information to the database must be separated for all tables or logical entities of the database.

Entering information into the database should have a user-friendly interface

Whenever possible, the input of information should use directories and classifiers compiled earlier.

· Creating ways to obtain information from the database.

The main way to get data from the database should be through preformed forms and reports.

· Organizing a complete customer management structure.

AC must provide full possibilities maintaining a customer base.

1.4.4 Formalization of subtask calculations

The task of automating the work of the real estate agency in this project is divided into several subtasks, the successful solution of which leads to the successful solution of the task of automating the real estate agency as a whole. The following subsystems can be distinguished:

a subsystem for maintaining apartments and houses for sale;

a subsystem for managing clients for the purchase of apartments and houses;

Subsystem for managing clients for renting apartments and houses;

subsystem for managing clients for renting apartments and houses

Subsystem for referral of clients to other services;

subsystem of analytical information.

The subsystem for maintaining apartments and houses for sale is designed to store all the necessary data about real estate objects. Such data can be real estate objects themselves and their characteristics, owners and their characteristics, additional information about real estate and other static data.

The subsystem for maintaining apartments and houses for sale should allow keeping records of the following objects:

· Apartments. The "sell data 1" table is designed to store basic information about apartments, such as:

- "Number of rooms" - characterizing the number of living quarters, this field can be partially predefined when entering data.

- "Address" - the address of the residential premises intended for sale or lease.

- "Type of house" - descriptions of the type of construction of the house, for example - "brick", "monolith" this field can be partially predefined when entering data,

- "Floor" - Floor of the location of the residential premises.,

- "Stories" - The number of floors in the house,

- "Size of the room" - the area of ​​the room in square meters,

- "Price" - The total cost of the premises.

· Apartments extended information. Table "Sell Data 2" serves to store information about the apartments that is secondary in importance at the time of selection of options, contains information about the owner, type of apartment, owner or contact person, and other information that may be necessary.

· Purchase of apartments. This directory is designed to store information about customers who want to buy an apartment.

This directory contains information about what the client is going to buy, the approximate floor, number of storeys, number of rooms, Contact Information.

· Exchange of apartments. The table is intended for information about offers for the exchange of apartments. Judging, information about the client is included, about what kind of property he is going to change, whether there is a sign of an additional payment or not, and other information similar to the information from the tables “Sell data 2” and “Sell data 1”.

· House. The table is a guide to houses for sale and includes all the main characteristics, such as: the material from which the house is made, the type of roof covering, the owner's contacts, and other flexible information.

· Small family. The table is designed to store information about a separate type of "small-family" apartments, of this type apartments due to the presence of a large number of apartments of this type in the prime area of ​​the agency.

And their some isolation from the rest of the housing stock.

Accordingly, this table presents all the characteristics available in the tables for the sale of apartments, as well as several additional features characteristic only for this type of apartment, for example, such as “Type of a small family”, characterized by two possible features - corridor and apartment.

· Clients. This directory is designed to store a list of clients of a real estate agency. For each client (element of the catalog of clients), it should be possible to set all the necessary properties that characterize the client.

The directory maintenance subsystem should provide the ability to conveniently and quickly enter data into directories, set links between related directories, and additional properties where necessary. But in addition to the possibility of entering data in all directories, it should be possible to quick search, advanced search and selection of data by any criterion or combination of criteria specific to this handbook. Of particular note is the organization of the selection of records in the directory of apartments. Since the directory of apartments is the central element of the data structure and is associated with many other directories, the possibility of flexible selection of records in this directory should be provided. In this way, it should be possible to select elements of the directory of apartments not only by the main properties of apartments, but also by all related ones: by the values ​​of additional properties, by area.

Thus it is possible, for example, to select an apartment with a number of rooms equal to two, on the second floor, on the last floor and below a certain price. The possibility of such flexible data selection makes the developed program very convenient for use. The possibility of searching and selecting records should be provided not only in the directory of goods, but also in all other directories.

The analytical reporting subsystem is designed to build reports on the results of the real estate agency. First of all, it is a report on the types of services provided. The report is based on the table of clients. Conditions can be set for the report: selection by a specific service, by date or by client. This report should become the main working report for the head of the real estate agency, we can say that the program was written for this. The second analytical report is a report on the number of properties for sale and its price, which allows you to analyze market fluctuations.

1.5 Analysis of existing developments and justification for the choice of design technology

At the moment, there is practically no automated system in the company, the only thing that is used from software is the part of the office Microsoft package office- Microsoft Word. Which is used to store all data, such as information about clients and information about the real estate that is being worked on.

In addition, the 1C Accounting system is used in the work of accounting, but the aspect of accounting automation is not considered in the task that this graduation project solves.

As noted earlier, for such a task as automating the activities of a real estate agency, there are, in principle, not many developments.

Of these, by the number of functions, it is possible to single out "Ideal Option: Real Estate" having the following functions and capabilities:

· Conducting operations "Sale", "Purchase", "Rent", etc.

Accounting for applications for the sale and lease of real estate of any type (over 100 details for describing a property)

· Accounting for applications for the purchase and rent of real estate

Cross-search between applications and property descriptions

Accounting for completed and pending transactions

Creation of arbitrary forms of reports

· Arbitrary requests for any setting

Export data to Excel, txt, csv and xml formats

· Data exchange between remote offices using e-mail, ftp or floppy disk

Providing the client with information in a "safe" form (the ability to hide commercial information)

Slideshow of photographs of real estate objects, drawings and plans in any format (bmp, jpeg, rle, wmf)

Management of user access to different regimes and program functions

View data on your website on the Internet

Support for unlimited number of users at the same time

Powerful and fast database

Convenient and simple interface

Detailed documentation built into the program

· Accessible help desk

And the "REAL ESTATE AGENCY" system with the following features

Operations: “sell”, “buy”, “rent”, “rent”, “change”.

Real estate objects: apartment, room, house, plot, non-residential premises, non-residential building and their numerous options.

Any number of cities. Flexible geographic hierarchy within the city: municipal districts, neighborhoods, streets. Import of geographical objects from specially prepared directories for all regions of the Russian Federation; the total amount of data is over half a million streets and microdistricts

Powerful filters for searching options for all parameters, including phone number fragments

A visual system for sorting applications by all parameters

Selection and stepwise optimization of exchange options, incl. intercity

Active and archive ticket storage areas

Search for geographic duplicates

Various price list options, visual price designer

Rental management

Deal management

Organization of business processes by setting, notifications and monitoring the implementation of tasks

Advanced support for creating and editing documents of various formats in relation to orders, deals, tasks

Performance reports

Automated data exchange via e-mail and files between different companies and branches within the same company. Maintaining a directory of recipients, the ability to fine-tune the composition of the sent data for each of the recipients.

Publication of applications on the Internet. Organization of static and support of dynamic websites. Possibility of organizing a multilisting system.

Multiplayer and singleplayer options

Two-step security system - at the database server level and at the client level

Fine-tuning user rights - about 200 types of protected actions

Monitoring the actions of each user on all operations with all orders

Application movement statistics

Simple installer and updater

A ready-made demo database with several thousand applications for a quick acquaintance with the program's capabilities and mastering how to work with it

Client-server architecture: high reliability of data storage and maximum speed their processing

But as noted above, in chapter 1.3. these systems are too complex and cost more than what a small real estate agency in a small town needs.

1.6 Justification of design decisions

1.6.1 Justification of design solutions for technical support

The automated real estate agency system is designed to operate on the Windows operating system, so for effective work of the developed system, it is necessary to provide such requirements for the architecture and parameters of technical means that would allow the operating system itself to function effectively.

The automated real estate agency system is designed to operate on an IBMPC type computer with technical characteristics of at least:

processor - Intel Celeron 2000;

· RAM: 256 Mb;

· HDD, which provides the location of the operating system and the Microsoft Access 2007 application. To accommodate the developed system, 20 Mb of free hard disk space is required;

· LAN card to connect to the network.

To print reports and output documents, you need a printer that is compatible with the computer with the above equipment.

In the case of multi-user work with the system, you will need to use one PC as a file server to access the database. It is advisable to place this database on the server, and from client computers to connect to it via the smb protocol or via ODBC over smb. An IBMPCc type computer with characteristics not less than:

processor - Intel Celeron 2000;

RAM: 256Mb;

a hard drive that hosts the operating system and the Microsoft Access 2007 application.

As an operating system on the server, it is not entirely advisable to use an operating system of the Unix family, such as Linux, for example, due to insufficiently good support for smb and ODBC.

Because client computers will connect to server base data, and the server and client machines must function on the local network. It can be either a peer-to-peer network or a network with a domain organization.

Note that the functioning of the system is possible not only in the client-server version, but also in the local version, both using local base data that is capable of running on a client computer with the specified characteristics running a local operating system of the Windows family, such as WindowsXP. With such an organization of work, a server is not needed, the local network and server operating system.

The developed system is designed to work in the Windows operating system. The program must run on any operating system of the Windows family: Windows 95/98, NT (ServicePack 6), 2000 (ServicePack 3), XP, as well as on server versions of this operating system. This choice is explained by the developed convenient graphical user interface of this family of operating systems, as well as its popularity on Russian market. Many software companies, including application development systems, are also focused on this family of operating systems, which has led to the presence on the market of a large number of programming systems that allow you to develop software for Windows.

This operating system has a very large set of utilities and utilities designed to administer, manage and diagnose the system, as well as application applications. In addition, it supports extensive software interface to write your own applications to run in this operating environment.

Recently, the operating room has gained particular popularity. Linux system and its derivatives.

In this situation, you can ask the question: "Why would programmers master the development tools for Windows applications, if such a great operating system exists?". Despite the growing popularity of Linux, it can be argued that in the world of personal computers, the Windows operating system will dominate for quite a long time and is unlikely to be replaced in the near future.

Due to the fact that the program stores information in the database, it is necessary to have an appropriate DBMS.

The program is focused on working with databases of the format: MSAccess. Accordingly, this DBMS must be installed on the computer. If the MSAccess base is running on the server, then you must ensure that the computer is connected to the server. To work with the MsAccess database remote computer requires an open public access to a database located on a remote computer via the SMB protocol.

It is also necessary to give the remote user who connects to the database the rights to read, write, change data on the computer that will store the database. Also, for accessing data, the MSAccess database system of version no lower than 2007 from Microsoft is used.

1.6.3 Justification of software design decisions

To implement the tasks, you can use any modern DBMS. For convenient user interaction with the system, it will be necessary to carefully consider the system interface - so that it is simple and at the same time functional.

For the database to function optimally, it will be necessary to properly define the logical relationships between the tables. Thus, a significant amount of time can be spent on developing the database itself and the basis of the client application.

By specifying exactly what data you need, how it will be stored in memory, and what the data access system should be, you have decided only the question of data management. In addition, we need another simple way to automate the solution of upcoming typical tasks. Even if you can develop fairly sophisticated "applied" spreadsheets, you still won't have the tools to debug and manage such applications to easily create, say, complete order forms or an inventory system. In contrast, DBMSs are specifically designed to build applications. They provide you with the tools you need to manage and process data, as well as the ability to catalog and manage the relationships between application objects. At the same time, along with the DBMS, you have at your disposal a programming language and a debugging tool.

In light of the above, in order to automate the solution of your tasks, you need a powerful relational DBMS and an application development system. Almost all existing DBMS have application development tools that can be used by programmers or qualified users to create procedures for automating data management and processing. Unfortunately, many application development systems require knowledge of some programming language, such as C or Xbase, to create procedures. Despite all their power and richness of funds, in order to successfully use them, you must have a certain professional training and experience with them. Fortunately, there are tools that make it easy to design and build database applications without knowing a programming language. Work in Microsoft Access begins with the definition of relational tables and their fields that will contain data. Immediately after that, you will be able to define actions on this data using forms, reports and macros.

Forms and reports can be used to set screen formats and additional calculations, much like working with spreadsheets. But in this case, the formats contained in the forms and reports and instructions for performing calculations are separated from the data (located in tables), so you have complete freedom of action in using the data without changing the data itself - it is enough to create an additional form or report that uses the same data. If you need to automate some actions, then you can easily create macros to establish links between certain forms and reports, or to perform certain actions in response to some event (for example, changing data in a certain form field). If we need more sophisticated tools, such as library Windows utilities, you can write the procedure in Access Basic. The following is a list of the top reasons why moving to Access at work seems worthwhile.

Reason 1.

You have too many individual files, or some of the files contain a lot of information, making it difficult to work with the data. In addition, you may not be able to work with such volumes of data due to program or system memory limitations.

Reason 2.

you use the data different ways: for information on specific transactions (for example, invoices), for summary analysis (for example, quarterly sales volumes), or you use this data to predict certain situations. Therefore, you must be able to view this data from different angles, which makes it very difficult to create a single data representation structure that satisfies all your needs.

Reason 3.

There is a need to use the same data by different specialists. For example, they are entered, updated and analyzed by a variety of people. If only one person can make changes to a spreadsheet or document, then several users can interact with the database at the same time, modifying the contents of the same table. At the same time, databases ensure that users are always working with the latest data modifications.

Reason 4.

You must protect data from unauthorized access, control its values ​​and maintain the integrity of the database - after all, many users have access to data, this data is used in the work of your company and is interconnected (for example, customers and orders).

Microsoft Access, having all the features of a classic DBMS, provides and additional features. Access is not only a powerful, flexible and easy-to-use DBMS, but also a system for developing applications that work with databases. With Access, you can create an application that runs in Windows environment and fully tailored to your data management needs. Using queries, you can select and manipulate information stored in tables. You can create forms to enter, view, and update data, and use Access to create both simple and complex reports. Forms and reports "inherit" the properties of the underlying table or query, so in most cases you specify formats, value conditions, and some other data characteristics only once. Among the most powerful Access tools are the object authoring tools - Wizards that you can use to create tables, queries various types forms and reports by simply selecting the desired options with the mouse. To fully automate your application, Access macros make it easy to link data to forms and reports. You can create most applications without writing a single line of code, but if you need to create something very sophisticated, then for this case Microsoft Access provides a powerful programming language - Microsoft Access Basic.

And finally, all these tools allow you to create applications that work not only with the base Access data, but also with other most common databases. Your application can work directly with dBASE files, with Paradox, FoxPro, and any database that supports ODBC. You can also easily import data from text files, word processor documents, and spreadsheets(and export data to them).

Microsoft Access has many applications: in a small business; in contract work when you develop custom applications or act as a consultant; in large corporations when you act as a coordinator of production information systems and even in the field of home use.

2 Design part

2.1 Information support of the task

2.1.1 Information model and its description

As a result of the design, an information model of the system was developed, which is a model for organizing the work of the system and schematically explains on the basis of which input documents, as well as regulatory and reference information, the automated system of the real estate agency functions and the output data is obtained, i.e. the process of transforming data in an information system.

The information model has three areas.

Area 1 reflects the process of entering and editing data in directories, which refers to the directory maintenance subsystem of the system being developed. To view the list of each directory and edit the directory data, there is a separate screen form that allows the system operator to enter data into the directory, view and edit existing data. As a result of the operator's work, directories change: new data is added to them, existing records are changed or deleted. When editing the data of some directories, information from other related directories is used, for example, the "Sell data" directory is linked to the "Sell data 2" directory.

Area 2 describes the system for getting data from the database.

In this area, the user receives information such as.

Sale/Purchase/Exchange/Rental/Rental of real estate from the tables:

Sell ​​data

Sell ​​data2

kV exchange

little family

Exchange house/kV

Small seed exchange

Purchase

Purchase2

Purchase House

Buying a few

Area 3 of the information model describes the reporting subsystem. In this area, in the screen form for receiving reports, the user sets the conditions for generating reports. In the process of receiving reports, clients are used, and the result of the work is the generated reports on clients intended for the manager.

Area 4 displays a subsystem of forms, such as application forms for sale, purchase, etc. and BSO.

The information model is shown in Figure 2.4.

Figure 1.3. information model.

2.1.2 Used classifiers and coding systems

Based on the tasks set for us when developing this AS from the information structure and requirements for this AS, the use of classifiers looks unreasonable and will only overload the system if they are included.

2.1.3 Characteristics of primary documents with reference and input operational information

The automated real estate agency system is not being developed in a vacuum. The methodology of its work is based on accounting systems that already have many years of experience in application, but are not designed in the form computer programs. Therefore, the input data for the system will be the same data that was used in manual systems. Each of the subsystems has its own set of input and output data, and the output data of one subsystem can be the input data of another subsystem. So, for example, entries in the customer directory and the purchase of real estate are input data for building a report on the market, which is an integral part of the analytical reporting subsystem. Let us describe the input and output data for each subsystem.

For the directory maintenance subsystem, the input data are the corresponding lists on paper. So, for example, for the task of maintaining a directory of apartments, the input data is a list of offered apartments that the company operates.

The result of entering a list of apartments into the system will be a table of apartments, which in turn acts as input when selecting apartments for a client. The situation is the same with all other directories: exchange, clients, houses: all of them must be provided to the person responsible for entering information into the database by the company's management on paper. The output is the corresponding database tables. It should be noted that the reference tables contain mostly static information, i.e. not changing over time or changing very rarely. The exception is the customer directory. Although new contracts with old customers are concluded very infrequently, this does not require frequent addition of data to the customer directory. The input data for filling out the customer directory are contracts with customers on paper, entered by the realtor conducting the transaction. The output data, as in the case of other directories, is a completed customer table.

For the analytical reporting subsystem, the input data are records in the tables of clients and all tables related to real estate.

Using an array of these data, taking into account the conditions for generating reports imposed by the user, the system generates a report that can be viewed on a monitor screen or printed on a printer. Ready reports are the output of the analytical reporting subsystem and the entire system as a whole.

№	Full name of the directory	Short title	Subdirectory to	Responsible	Update frequency
1	Property For Sale	Sell ​​data 1	Realtor	Of necessity
2	Sale of real estate (additional)	Sell ​​Data 2	№1	Realtor	Of necessity
3	Apartment Exchange	Exchange sq.	Realtor	Of necessity
4	Apartment exchange options	Exchange sq.	№3	Realtor	Of necessity
5	little family	Maloseymeyka	Realtor	Of necessity
6	Buying a property	Purchase	Realtor	Of necessity
7	Purchase of real estate (additional)	Purchase 2	№6	Realtor	Of necessity

Database characteristic

2.1.3.1. Characteristics of the infological model of the database

The infological model is applied after the verbal description of the subject area.

Relationships can be established between entities - binary associations that show how entities relate or interact with each other. A relationship can exist between two different entities or between an entity and itself (recursive relationship). It shows how entity instances are related to each other. If a relationship is established between two entities, then it defines the relationship between instances of one and the other entity.

Relationships are divided into three types by multiplicity: one-to-one (1:1), one-to-many (1:M), many-to-many (M:M).

A one-to-one relationship means that an instance of one entity is associated with only one instance of another entity.

A one-to-many (1:M) relationship means that one entity instance on the left of the relationship can be related to multiple entity instances on the right of the relationship.

A many-to-many (M:M) relationship means that multiple instances of the first entity can be associated with multiple instances of the second entity, and vice versa. Any number of connections with different semantic loads can be set between two entities.

A relationship of any of these types can be mandatory if each instance of the entity must participate in this relationship, optional - if not every instance of the entity should participate in this relationship. In this case, the connection can be mandatory on the one hand and optional on the other hand.

Let's carry out infological design of the database of the automated system of the real estate agency.

Based on the analysis of the subject area, we single out the entities of the Entity Relationship model (ER-models) and depict them in the form of a diagram.

Figure 1.4. ER model.

2.1.3.2. Characteristics of the datalogical model of the database

All information used by the application is stored in the database.

MSACCESS format database is chosen as desktop database. That is, the database is a file on disk, in which the database tables are concentrated in the form of data files and indexes to them.

The program for working with tables, adding, deleting, editing records uses a universal language SQL queries. Given language allows the developer to completely abstract from the format and location of the database and access data from databases of different formats in the same way. Thus, the use of this universal language allows us to solve our task: to develop a universal application that could work with a database of any format without changing the source code of the application.

The database we developed is relational and, like other relational databases, consists of tables. Following is the database entity table.

Column(s) of " Option exchange sq. "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
Code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	Yes
Exchange options	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
apartment type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
kitchen area	long integer	NULL	no	no
floor	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
bathroom type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
balcony	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " House "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
Plot area	long integer	NULL	no	no
house material	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
roofing	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys of the house	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of rooms	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
communications	memo	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " Clients "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
Code	Text(18)	NULL	Yes	no
Full name	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
home phone	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Mobile phone	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Address of residence	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Sign of an existing transaction	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Details of the transaction	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Additional data	Text(18)	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " little family "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
address (street_house)	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
type of housing	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " exchange House / sq. "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
Plot area	long integer	NULL	no	no
house material	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys of the house	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of rooms	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
communications	memo	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
exchange options	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
conditions	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " exchange sq. "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
Code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
apartment category	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
apartment type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	long integer	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
kitchen area	long integer	NULL	no	no
bathroom type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
balcony	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles)	long integer	NULL	no	no
Exchange options	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
condition	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " exchange few "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
address (street_house)	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
type of housing	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
exchange options	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
condition	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " purchase House "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
Plot area	long integer	NULL	no	no
house material	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
roofing	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys of the house	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of rooms	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
communications	memo	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " Purchase few "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
address (street_house)	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
type of housing	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " purchase "Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
apartment category	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	long integer	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of " purchase 2" table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	Yes
apartment type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
kitchen area	long integer	NULL	no	no
bathroom type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
balcony	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of "sell data 1" Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	no
apartment category	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Address (Street_house)	memo	NULL	no	no
house type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
floor	long integer	NULL	no	no
number of storeys	long integer	NULL	no	no
total area	long integer	NULL	no	no
price (thousand rubles) up to	long integer	NULL	no	no
Column(s) of "sell data 2" Table
Name	data type	Null Options	Is P.K.	Is F.K.
code	AutoNumber	NULL	Yes	Yes
apartment type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
living space	long integer	NULL	no	no
kitchen area	long integer	NULL	no	no
bathroom type	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
balcony	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
additional information	memo	NULL	no	no
The contact person	memo	NULL	no	no
contact number	Text(255)	NULL	no	no
Web address	memo	NULL	no	no

2.2Task software

2.2.1 General (function tree and dialog script)

In this project, the following categories of functions can be distinguished: functions for entering information into directories, functions for entering real estate data, and functions for obtaining analytical reports. Each of these categories refers to the corresponding subsystem of the application being developed: the directory maintenance subsystem, the document entry subsystem, and the subsystem for receiving analytical reports.

The application provides a convenient and understandable dialogue between the user and the program to call all the functions. The user access to the functions is made through the main menu of the main form of the application and through the buttons of the panel quick start, duplicating the corresponding menu items. The main form of the application, in addition to providing the main interface for accessing all application functions, also acts as a container for all other screen forms.

The first group of screen forms provides the user with access to the directory maintenance subsystem of the system. This group of screen forms is called from the main menu of the "References" program. Each sub-item of this menu item corresponds to calling a screen form that allows you to edit the corresponding directory.

All screen forms for viewing and editing directories are similar to each other and allow you to perform the functions of viewing the directory list, entering new data into the directory, editing existing data and deleting existing data. To enter new and edit existing data of directories, the editing forms of the corresponding directories are called. These forms are also used to view detailed information directory entries, since only basic data is presented in the directory list.

2.2.2 Structural diagram of the project

Figure 2.14 shows the block diagram of the project.

Figure 2.1. Module calling scheme.

2.2.3 Description of software modules

The software implementation of the problem solution was based on an object-oriented approach. The C++ language chosen as the programming language includes a powerful apparatus for supporting this most promising technology: classes and objects, a hierarchy of structures, unions and classes with various inheritance mechanisms, encapsulation of data and processing functions with several access levels, polymorphism of operations, functions and objects, providing both static and virtual accessors. The built-in apparatus of object-oriented programming allows you to describe complex subject areas and create flexible, easily adaptable to the needs of the user software packages both systemic and applied purposes.

To implement each subtask, several classes were created in the project, inheritors of the standard class of the VCL TForm library.

The program was developed as a Web application and satisfies all requirements for the Web application interface. The program is divided into modules, which corresponds to the principles of modular programming. Let's look at each of these modules in detail.

The module of the main form of the application provides the user with an interface for accessing all the main functions of the program. Access to all program functions is carried out through the main menu and the button bar quick access. All buttons and menu items are provided with detailed tooltips.

The directory editing subsystem includes a number of modules that are designed to view and edit the contents of directories. Note that the same forms are used in other subsystems. Thus, the form for viewing the list of goods, which is part of the subsystem for maintaining directories, is called from the subsystem for accounting for the movement of goods when registering receipts or expenditures for selecting goods, as well as from the subsystem of analytical reports for selecting goods when setting a condition for generating a report for any product.

The directory maintenance subsystem includes the following modules:

· The module for viewing the list of goods is designed to view the list of items, as well as to select goods in any calling form;

· The product editing module, called from the product viewing module, is designed to edit the data of one specific product. The same module calls modules of related dictionaries, such as product property values, projects related to the product, and product analogues. Thus, in this module, the main work on setting all the product data takes place.

· Analogues module is intended for viewing and assigning analogues of goods for goods;

· The project module is intended for viewing the list of typical projects. In which goods can be used, as well as for selecting these projects in calling forms;

· The project editing module is intended for editing the data of one specific project and setting the project properties for this project;

· The project properties module is designed to maintain a list of project properties;

· The project property editing module is intended for editing the data of one specific property;

· The client module is intended for viewing and editing the list of clients, including editing all client data, as well as for selecting clients in the calling form;

· The manufacturers module is intended for viewing and editing the list of clients, including editing all client data, as well as for selecting clients in the calling form;

· The goods properties module is designed to view the list of goods properties;

· The product properties editing module is intended for editing the data of this specific product property and for setting all possible values ​​of this property;

The module of property values ​​is intended for viewing and editing the values ​​of product properties

· The warehouses module is intended for viewing the list of warehouses and selecting warehouses in the calling form;

· Warehouse editing module is intended for editing data of a particular warehouse;

The goods movement accounting subsystem contains modules. Responsible for the main functionality of the program: ensuring the movement of goods in warehouses and counting the balance of goods:

· The document journal module contains a list of operations that are recorded in the database operations table;

· The document module is intended for editing one operation, including all its components. This module, like the product module, calls many other forms for selecting values.

· The module for editing the line of the tabular part of the operation is intended for editing the data of one line of the document.

The analytical reporting subsystem includes the following modules:

· Module for compiling a report on the balance of goods in warehouses;

· Module for compiling a report on the movement of goods in warehouses.

In the visual integrated development environment Borland C++ Builder, the main component of the program is the form. A form encapsulates user interface elements and programming code A containing the response to the user's actions. This is fully consistent with the principles of object-oriented programming. C++Builder automatically generates a form class for the form, which contains the components placed on the form, properties and methods of the form, both automatically generated by C++Builder and defined by the user. The following forms are defined in the developed application:

· Fmain form – the main form of the application, implemented in the UnitMain.cpp file, performs the functions of the main interface for user access to all program functions through the main application menu and the quick access button bar. In addition, the main form acts as a container for all other forms in which data is entered and processed.

· The FTovar form, implemented in the UnitTovar.cpp file, performs the functions of viewing the list of goods entered into the goods table of the system database. The main element of the form is the DBGrid component of the C++ Builder component palette, which displays a table of products in the form of a list. The columns of the DBGrid component display the corresponding fields of the product table: name, English name, barcode and manufacturer. The same form is used to select a product in case this form is called from other forms to select a particular product, for example, in the form of a report on balances.

· The FTovarEdit form, implemented in the UnitTovarEdit.cpp file, is intended for viewing and editing product data. This form contains controls that display basic product data, such as name, English name, detailed description, synonyms, barcode and price, and manufacturer. Note that the manufacturer is selected by opening the manufacturers form and selecting it from the proposed list. In addition to the basic data, the product editing form also displays data from related directories, records of which are associated with this product: analogues, projects to which the product belongs and properties of this product with their values. Displaying the data of related directories in one form is very convenient, since all the necessary data about the product is located together. They can be viewed and edited.

· The FormClients form, implemented in the FormClientsU.cpp file, is intended for viewing and editing data on system counterparties: suppliers and buyers. The form is built in such a way that it allows you to view the list of buyers on the left side, and detailed information about the current buyer on the right. The list displays only the name of the buyer from the name field of the database table, the controls on the right side display data from all other fields. This approach is very convenient, as it allows you to view and edit complete customer data in one form. The Add, Save, and Delete buttons call procedures that execute SQL queries to add, modify, and delete records from the database.

· The FormVendirs form, implemented in the FormVendirsU.cpp file, is intended for viewing and editing data on goods manufacturers. The form is designed in such a way that it allows you to view the list of manufacturers on the left side, and detailed information about the current manufacturer on the right side. The list displays only the name of the manufacturer from the name field of the database table, the controls on the right side display data from all other fields. This approach is very convenient, as it allows you to view and edit complete data about the manufacturer in one form. The Add, Save, and Delete buttons call procedures that execute SQL queries to add, modify, and delete records from the database.

· The FProj form, implemented in the FProjU.cpp file, performs the functions of viewing the list of projects entered in the project table of the system database. The main element of the form is the DBGrid component of the C++ Builder component palette, which displays the project table as a list. The columns of the DBGrid component display only the "Name" field of the project table. The same form is used to select a project if this form is called from other forms to select a particular project, for example, in the form for editing product data.

· The FProjEdit form, implemented in the UnitProjEdit.cpp file, is intended for viewing and editing the complete project data, as well as for assigning project properties to the project. In the left part of the form, in the corresponding controls, all project data from the project table is displayed: name, detailed name and detailed description, and the list of properties of this project is located in the left part. The "Add property" button opens a form for selecting a project property reference book, which allows you to select and assign a property to a project. Removing a property from the list of project properties occurs when you click the "Delete Property" button.

· The FSimp form implemented in the UnitSimp.cpp file is intended for viewing the list of project properties that additionally characterize the project.

· The FSimpEdit form is designed to view and edit one specific project property that is selected for editing. The form allows you to set the main and additional data of the project property.

· The FProperty form, implemented in the UnitProperty.cpp file, is a list of product properties. This form only has a list of property names that the user can view and select one of these properties in the calling form if the form was opened to select a property from some other form.

· The FPropertyEdit form, implemented in the UnitPropertyEdit.cpp file, is designed to edit the property name and detailed description of the product property, as well as to set product property values ​​in the list on the right side of the form. The list control buttons allow you to open the property values ​​form to select a property value. Which can be assigned to a given property, and to edit the property value, delete the property value.

· The FSklad form implemented in the UnitSklad.cpp file is intended for viewing the list of warehouses, which contains the names of warehouses. The same form allows you to select the current warehouse record in the calling form

· The FSkladEdit form implemented in the UnitSkladEdit.cpp file is intended for viewing detailed data and editing both the name and additional warehouse data.

· The FVals form implemented in the UnitVals.cpp file is designed to select a property value for an element of the product catalog and is called only from the product form. The property values ​​form displays a list of product properties either completely or only those values ​​that are subordinate to a specific property, which can be selected by clicking the open button to select the properties form. Once a property is selected, the list of property values ​​displays only the values ​​that the property can take.

· The FValsEdit form implemented in the UnitValsEdit.cpp file is designed to edit the value of a product property by specifying its name and detailed description.

· The FormFilter form, implemented in the FormFilterU.cpp file, is designed to solve the problem of selecting goods by the combination of their properties. For selection, both basic product data (name, English name, synonyms, full name, detailed description) and related product data: analogies and properties of goods can be used. Since the main product data are string values, the form offers the user to organize a flexible selection based on this data. You can organize the selection of records in the products table by an exact match to the entered phrase, by the entry of the entered phrase in the selection field, by the entry of all words from the entered phrase in the selection field in any sequence, or by the entry of at least one of the words of the entered phrase into the selection field. Such a selection can be organized by any of the fields of the selection table. In addition to filtering by the main properties, the filter form provides an opportunity to organize a selection by projects to which the product belongs. To do this, a list of projects is populated, entries to which are added by selecting projects from the project list form when it is opened for selection. The project list controls allow you to add entries to the list, remove entries from the list, check all entries, or completely clear the list. All entries in the list may have a mark of use in the selection or not use (tick), by unchecking which the user can exclude the selection for this project. As a result, only those products that belong to the projects listed in the list will be included in the selection of entries in the product directory. The form also implements selection by product properties and their values. You can add entries from the properties directory to the list of properties of goods by opening the form of the list of properties for selection and selection from it certain property. For the current entry, the list of properties displays all the values ​​that this property can take, from which the user selects the necessary ones by putting marks in them. As a result, only those products that have the values ​​of the listed properties listed in the list will be included in the generated selection. The filter form is not called directly from the main menu, but is called only from the product list form, including when it is opened for selection, if in this form it is necessary to organize the selection of goods according to a combination of any criteria.

· The DM form implemented in the UnitDM.cpp file is a module for storing C++ Builder components that provide access to the database. For each database table, a separate TQuery component is allocated, which allows you to enter and execute SQL queries that allow you to select, edit, and delete records in database tables. The fact that only one access component is allocated for each table and the fact that they are all combined in one module is due to the fact that the program has an MDI interface and changing data in one form leads to an instant change in their display in all other forms. In addition to data access components, this form also stores components that serve as a data source for data display components in forms. The Database component provides physical connection all other program components with a database.

· The FJornal form is intended for viewing the journal of documents – ie. a list of operations that have already been performed with goods. The form contains the TDBGrid component, which displays a list of operations with the following parameters for each entry: operation date, operation number, warehouse from which the operation was issued, client with which the operation was registered.

· The FDocs form is intended for editing or entering a new operation for the movement of goods in the warehouse. At the top of the form there are components that display the main properties of the operation: the date and number of the operation, the client, the warehouse, and the operation code. To select a customer and a warehouse, they open to select the form of the corresponding directories in which you can select the desired entry. In the lower half of the form there is a tabular part of the operation, which is a list of goods, indicating the quantity.

· The FJornalEdit form implemented in the UnitJornalEdit.cpp file is intended for editing one line of an operation. This form is called from the FJornal form for editing current line. The form provides a simple interface for entering and changing the item and quantity per line. To select a product, the product catalog list form is called, the selected entry in which is transferred to the FJornalEdit form.

· The FUsers form is designed to maintain a list of users. In the DBGrid component of this form, using an SQL query, a list of system users is formed, and the user properties are displayed in the controls: login, password, last name, first name, patronymic and user category. The user category is displayed as radio buttons. When you click on the control buttons, an SQL query is executed to add, edit data and delete a user. When deleting a user, the referential integrity of the database is controlled

· The FReg form is intended for user authentication at the start of a session with the system. The system checks the presence of the user in the database, checks his password and, if successful, opens access to those functions that are available to the user, depending on his access level.

· The FRepForm form, implemented in the UnitRepForm.cpp file, is designed to prepare and generate a report on the movement of goods in warehouses. The controls of this form allow the user to set the conditions for generating the report, namely, to select the client with whom the operation of receipt or expense was carried out, as well as the warehouse from which this operation was carried out. The lower part of the form contains a table in which the user can select several records from the product directory, in which case the traffic report will be based on these products.

Each form performs the functions of the corresponding module using the components of the C ++ Builder environment, placed on the form from the components palette. Wednesday quick creation applications or RAD-environment (RapidApplicationDevelopment - RAD) C ++ Builder use the library of visual components VCL (VisualComponentLibrary - VCL), which consists of visual and non-visual objects and shells ready to use. It allows with minimal cost build applications while still providing a degree of independence from the VCL.

When working with components, C++ Builder makes extensive use of the principle of object reuse. Components are class instances that are accessible through the ComponentPalette. What could be easier when creating an application than just dropping the desired component on the form, setting its properties, then defining event handlers. It is with the help of form components that they perform the functions that are inherent in them.

2.3 Technological support of the task

2.3.1 Organization of technology for collecting, transmitting, processing and issuing information

The development of complex software systems makes it necessary to solve a number of organizational, technological and technical problems associated with the significant laboriousness of developing programs and the difficulty of identifying errors in them. The solution to these problems is possible with the introduction of any programming technology that will increase the productivity of programmers and the reliability of programs. In addition, the implemented technology should simplify the planning of work and organize the interaction of all team members, allow you to clearly control the timing of each stage of development, promptly communicate to the performers all changes in the general concepts for the created software product and changes in agreements on relations between the program and the external environment, or between individual structural elements of the program. The technology should ensure the simplicity and unambiguity of reading all the documentation.

Reducing the time and reducing the complexity of implementing a software product depends on its reliability. Therefore, the technology should provide for the organization of the processes of verification and testing of algorithms and programs at the development stage, as well as approaches to debugging and testing the program. The technology should provide the possibility of fairly simple modification of programs during their operation, which is necessary to eliminate detected errors or to change program functions.

The technology of developing complex software systems requires the division of a software product into separate modules. At the same time, modules are often created independently of each other by different programmers. To combine modules into a software package, it is necessary to develop rules for calling modules and rules for passing parameters between individual modules. These rules form an intra-program interface.

2.3.2 Schemes of the technological process of collecting, transmitting, processing and issuing information

IN this section functional-technological schemes for solving the problem are presented.

First of all, let's consider the task of maintaining directories, let's call it A1. To implement it, the catalog manager sorts the data and then enters the data into the appropriate tables. The data entry task can be broken down into several steps. The functional-technological scheme for solving problem A1 is shown in Figure 2.13.

Figure 2.2. Functional-technological scheme of task A1 "Maintaining reference books"

For each selected module, a functional-technological scheme and a detailed algorithm for its coding have been developed. The block diagram of task A1 is shown in Figure 2.14, and the functional and technological diagrams of all modules of task A1 are shown in Figure 2.15.

Figure 2.3. scheme for solving problem A1 "Maintaining directories"

Figure 2.4. Functional-technological schemes of task A1 modules

Let us describe the obtained schemes in more detail.

For module A1.1:

Process: Checking and entering product data.

Input: product information.

Output: generated product data in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of product data in the database

Display product information on the screen.

For module A 1.2:

Process: Checking and entering customer data.

Login: customer information.

Output: generated data about the client in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of customer data in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display client information on the screen.

For module A 1.3:

Process: Checking and entering data about the property of the product.

Input: information about the property of the product.

Output: generated data about the product property in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of data about the property of the product in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display data about the property of the product on the screen.

For module A 1.4:

Process: Checking and entering user data.

Input: user information.

Output: generated data about the user in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of user data in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display user information on the screen.

For module A 1.5:

Process: Checking and entering project data.

Input: information about the project.

Output: generated data about the project in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of project data in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display project data on the screen.

For module A 1.6:

Process: Checking and entering data about the unit.

Input: information about the unit.

Output: generated data about the department in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the presence of data about the unit in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display information about the division on the screen.

For module A 1.7:

Process: Checking and entering data on manufacturers.

Input: information about the manufacturer.

Output: generated data about the manufacturer in the database

Algorithm:

Checking the availability of data about the manufacturer in the database

If there is no data, then add a new record to the database

Display manufacturer information on the screen.

Next, consider the task of entering documents into the system, let's call it B1. To solve this problem, the operator of the document processing group sorts incoming paper documents, processes them and enters them into the system, as a result of which the entries in the balance table and the document log are changed. The functional-technological scheme of task B1 is shown in Figure 2.16.

Figure 2.5. Functional-technological scheme of task B1 "Introduction of documents".

For each selected module, a functional-technological scheme and a detailed algorithm for its coding have been developed. The block diagram of task B1 is shown in Figure 2.17, and the functional and technological diagrams of all modules of task B1 are shown in Figure 2.18.

Figure 2.6. Block diagram for solving task B1 "Introduction of documents"

Figure 2.7. Functional-technological schemes of task B1 modules

Next, consider the task of obtaining reports, let's call it B1. To solve this problem, the user of the program selects the desired type of report, as a result of which a screen form of the selected type of report is formed. The functional and technological diagram of task B1 is shown in Figure 2.19.

Figure 2.8. Functional-technological scheme of task B1 "Formation of reports"

The block diagram of task B1 is shown in Figure 2.20, and the functional and technological diagrams of all modules of task B1 are shown in Figure 2.21

Figure 2.9. Block diagram of task B1

Drawing 2 . 10 . Functional-technological schemes of task modules B1

2.4 Project implementation test case and its description

To check the correctness and integrity of the developed application, a test example of the application was made. The data for this test case was selected in such a way as to cover all the functions and subsystems of the developed application, to check all the algorithms embedded in it.

The implementation of the test case consists of three steps:

· Entering test information into directories;

· input of test cases of movement of goods in a warehouse;

· Obtaining reports reflecting the change in the number of goods in warehouses and allowing you to make an analysis of movements.

The first step in the implementation of the test case is to enter test data into the system directories. The test data was chosen in this way. To use all directories, both basic and storing additional information.

Three products have been added to the product directory:

· Door "Klinkor" metal;

· Door "Basel" wooden;

Metal door "Vegas"

Figure 2.24 shows a screen form with a list of products.

Figure 2.11. Product List

Table 17 shows test data on the properties of goods and the values ​​that these properties can take

Table 17. Test data on the properties of goods.

Table 18 shows the properties assigned to products and their values.

Table 18. Test data for assigning product properties to products.

Product	Property	Assigned property value
Door "Klinkor" metal	Castle 1	Tyson Castle
	Castle 2	Castle "Verita"
	Weight	500 kg
	Outer padding	Plastic
	Interior upholstery	Missing
	Warming	Missing
Vegas metal door	Castle 1	Tyson Castle
	Castle 2	Vegas Castle
	Weight	150 kg
	Outer padding	Decorative plastic
	Interior upholstery	carpet
	Warming	Polystyrene
Door "Basel" wooden	Castle 1	Tyson Castle
	Castle 2	Missing
	Weight	120 kg
	Outer padding	Missing
	Interior upholstery	carpet
	Warming	Paralon

To classify the goods to one or another standard project of buildings and premises in which the products can be used, a reference book of projects and their properties was completed. Their content is presented in table 19.

Table 19. Test data for projects.

The assignment of goods to a particular project is presented in table 20.

Table 20. Test data for assigning goods to projects.

The assignment of all data to the product, the assignment of analogues, properties to it, its assignment to a particular project is shown in Figure 2.25.

Figure 2.12. Product edit test form

Also, for the completeness of the test case, it is necessary to fill in the directories of manufacturers, customers, warehouses and users. Their filling is shown in Figures 2.26 - 2.29.

Figure 2.13. Test filling in the manufacturer's directory

Figure 2.14. Test filling of the directory of clients.

Figure 2.15. Test filling of the directory of warehouses.

Figure 2.16. Test filling of the reference book of users.

The result of this stage of testing is a completed database, which contains all the data of directories. The most effective and demonstrative way to check the completeness and correctness of filling in directories is to search for the desired product using the product filter. The product filter allows you to select products according to any criteria and their combination. So during testing, the following selections were made:

All products with a Tyson lock (filter shape is shown in the figure).

All products related to the project "Country House" or to the project "Apartment in apartment building»

All products of the Klondike manufacturer.

Drawing 2 . 17 . Setting a product filter.

After you have all the completed directories, you can proceed to the second stage of testing: entering documents on the movement of goods in warehouses. At this stage, several documents were introduced that perform the receipt and consumption of all test goods in warehouses. The document journal is shown in the figure, the contents of some documents are shown in figure 2.31.

Drawing 2 . 18 . Journal of documents.

Drawing 2 . 19 . Document form.

It should be noted that in real life, the execution of documents for the movement of goods through the warehouse occurs in real time in the order of receipt of paper documents. At the same time, when issuing each new document, operators do not control the balance of goods in the warehouse. The third stage of testing allows you to view the balance of goods, as well as analyze the movement of goods in warehouses in the context of documents: obtaining analytical reports. At this stage, reports were received on balances without sections of documents, as well as a report on balances and movements of goods in the context of documents. These reports made it possible to track the change in the balance of goods in warehouses and understand how the final balance turned out from the initial balance.

According to the test results, it can be argued that the program works correctly. It satisfies all its requirements: functional characteristics, reliability and correctness of operation, information and software compatibility, composition of hardware and software, composition of software documentation.

Conclusion

As a result of the completion of the graduation project, the methodology for conducting warehouse accounting in LLC "Union-doors" was studied.

Based on the studied methodology, a database structure was developed that is necessary for storing system data. Also, the operating system was chosen, in which the developed application will have to function, and the programming language and programming system were chosen, with the help of which the development will be carried out.

The result of the diploma design was the development of an application that automates the process of inventory control.

In accordance with the described methodology for testing the program, the test results showed that the program works correctly in all expected situations, with different sets of input data.

The program runs on Windows 95/98, NT, 2000, XP operating systems and is implemented in the BorlandC++ Builder environment. The results of the program are tables of documents of movement in warehouses and balances of goods in warehouses.

The developed application will soon be implemented at Union-doors LLC. The management of Union-doors LLC expects a big qualitative leap in the organization of warehouse accounting from the implementation of the developed application. Due to the fact that the work of the staff will be greatly facilitated by automating the maintenance of reference information, paperwork and receiving reports, the quality of the work of the staff will improve significantly. The developed application will allow you to put things in order in the organization of the work of all departments and each individual employee, delineate employees according to their powers and functions, and identify bottlenecks in the organization of the activities of departments. The ability to instantly obtain current balances in the warehouse will eliminate theft of products, and the ability to receive reports on the movement of goods will allow you to draw up analytical reports on sales analysis and make forecasts for future periods.

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Application

Data flow diagram "as is"

Data flow diagram "as it should be".

Scheme of document flow in the context of work with clients in real estate transactions.

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Topic: "Development of the information system "Real Estate Agency""

Content

• Introduction
• 1 . Technical task
• 1.1 Statement of the problem
• 1.2 Software Requirement
• Reliability Requirements
• 1.4 Information support of the task
• Description of input information
• 2. Descriptive part
• 2.2 Description of the software
• 2.3 Test Case
• 2.4 User guide
• Conclusion
• Bibliography

Introduction

The theme of the course project is the creation and development of an information system.

Nowadays information network covered almost the entire planet. Every day we are confronted with information systems: in parking lots (by cards), in department stores, even when applying for a job.

Information - information, messages, data, etc. Currently, there is no single definition of the term information.

Information model - a set of information that characterizes the essential properties and states of an object, process, phenomenon, as well as the relationship with the outside world.

An information system (IS) is a set of interconnected hardware and software tools for automating the accumulation and processing of information. The information system receives data from the source of information (example: database). This data is sent to storage or undergoes some processing in the system and then transferred to the consumer.

Automated information system (AIS) - a set of software and hardware designed to automate activities related to the storage, transmission and processing of information.

The more accessible computer technology becomes, the more non-professional users appear. Therefore, one of the tasks of developers of any applications, including IS, is to create an intuitive interface. This task will also be performed in the course project.

In progress course design it is necessary to consolidate and systematize the knowledge gained in the disciplines "Databases", the creation of an information source, "Development and operation of information systems", the creation of IS, " Computer graphics", distributing buttons on forms and creating an intuitive interface.

The course project for the development and maintenance of software in the discipline "Development and operation of information systems" is an intermediate stage of training at the "Krasnoyarsk Technical School of Informatics and Computer Engineering" and mastering the profession of a technician.

The purpose of the course project is:

learn how to create high-quality and reliable software, gain working skills in creating software;

develop technical documentation for the created software.

In the process of developing a course project, it is necessary to recreate the information system "Real Estate Agency". The task of this information system will be to display the schedule of employees of the real estate agency.

The result of the course project in the discipline "Development and operation information media"There should be a full-fledged database that solves the task, and technical documentation for it.

1. Terms of reference

1.1 Statement of the problem

In the process of course design, it is necessary to develop an information system "Real Estate Agency".

This database should provide convenient viewing / adding information about clients and real estate.

The system must perform the following functions:

- Entering and editing information about real estate:

- "Operations";

- "Real estate";

- Entering and editing information about employees:

- "Workers";

- Entering and editing customer information:

- "Clients";

- drawing up a contract (with the help of which a schedule is built):

- "Contracts";

- formation and printing of such documents as:

- "Schedule of employees";

The input information should be:

- Client Lists:

- full name of the client;

- telephone;

- A list of employees:

- full name of the employee;

- Agency capabilities: available operations; available real estate.

This information system is supposed to be used to view and store the schedule of employees of the real estate agency. It will help the user to make a schedule much faster, and a user-friendly interface will make the work more enjoyable.

1.2 Software requirement

performance requirements

The information system "Real Estate Agency" should be aimed at helping to keep the schedule of employees of the real estate agency. The system must process information and print output documents.

This system must be running Windows XP SP2 (or later) or Windows Vista and the Microsoft Office 2007 Toolkit.

The information system "Real Estate Agency" should perform the following functions:

- Entering and editing the following information about the work of real estate agency employees:

- full name of the employee;

- Entering and editing the following information about the client:

- full name of the client;

- Telephone;

- Entering and editing the following information about the agency's capabilities:

- available operations;

- affordable real estate;

- formation and printing of the following output documents:

- "Schedule of employees".

Reliability Requirements

The system must be of high quality and correct, that is, it must perform all the required functions and be suitable for operation. The system must be stable, that is, capable of performing planned actions, despite any deviations, both in the operation of the equipment and in the application itself.

To ensure the reliability of the system, it is necessary:

- ensuring data protection from unauthorized access;

- displaying an error message in case of incorrect data entry, in which the field where the error occurred is indicated;

- all data must be entered correctly and correctly, that is, data control, including mandatory fields, must be carried out;

- the required fields are:

- full name of the client;

- Phone number of the client;

- full name of the employee;

– Type of property;

– Operations with real estate;

- when deleting any data, it is necessary to provide for the option of refusal, that is, to issue a request for the user's consent.

Requirements for operating conditions

The user must have basic skills in working with Windows (this will be required in case of any failure) and skills in working with the Microsoft Office 2007 tool package, namely with Microsoft applications Word and Microsoft Access.

To operate this information system, it is necessary that the following be installed on the computer:

– OS Windows XP SP2 (and higher) or Windows Vista;

– Microsoft Office 2007.

1.3 Requirements for the composition and parameters of technical means

For uninterrupted operation and convenient use of the information system "Real Estate Agency", it is necessary that the technical means used by you correspond to the following characteristics:

- a computer such as IBM PC or Note Book;

- Pentium Celeron processor (Pentium IV and above), AMD Athlon(and above), with clock frequency not less than 1.6 GHz;

- 512 MB RAM;

- HDD with free space at least 40 MB;

- operating system Windows XP SP2 (and higher) or Windows Vista;

- input and manipulation devices (keyboard/mouse);

- Microsoft Office 2007 toolkit;

- A printer that supports printing A4 documents (for printing output documents).

Additional devices are not required. All devices listed above must be fully functional and compatible with the operating system.

1.4 Information support of the task

Description of input information

The input data is entered into the "real estate agency" information system from the client's passport and the capabilities of the real estate agency.

information system real estate agency

The information includes the following data: full name of the client; Full name of the employee; available operations; available real estate.

Information about the contract is entered in the "contract" table, the structure of which is presented in Table 1 (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Table 1 - structure of the "Agreement" table

Information about the client is entered into the "Clients" table, the structure of which is presented in Table 2 (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Table 2 - structure of the "Customers" table

Information about real estate is entered in the "real estate" table, the structure of which is presented in table 3 (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Description of reference information

Reference information is information that remains unchanged, for example: the form of education is full-time or part-time, the type of education is budget or commerce. Reference information for the information system "information about students" will be the following directories:

- Tables:

- Real estate;

- Operations;

- Workers.

The structure of the reference tables is shown below (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Table 3 - the structure of the reference table "real estate"

Information about operations is entered into the "operations" table, the structure of which is presented in Table 4 (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Table 4 - the structure of the reference table "operations"

Information about workers is entered in the "workers" table, the structure of which is presented in Table 5 (the key field is marked with the "" icon).

Table 5 - the structure of the reference table "workers"

Figure 1 shows the data schema of this information system.

Figure 1 - Data Schema

2. Description

2.1 Context diagram of the business process of the task being solved

The context diagram of the business process of the solved task "Real Estate Agency" made in the Computer Associates BPwin program is presented below.

The main composition of the context diagram "real estate agency scheduling", which is shown in Figure 2, contains the following data:

at the entrance: passport data of the client, agency capabilities;

management: the charter of the Russian Federation, the charter of the enterprise, a license to provide services;

resources: MTO (maintenance vehicle), bosses;

output: the schedule of workers.

Figure 2 - Formation of the schedule of the real estate agency

The decomposition of the first level of the context diagram "real estate agency scheduling" is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 - Decomposition of the first level

The decomposition of the "Information Gathering" block is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 - Decomposition of the first level

The decomposition of the "Database formation" block is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5 - Decomposition of the block "Database formation"

The decomposition of the "Query execution" block is shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6 - Decomposition of the "Query execution" block

2.2 Description of the software

The information system "Real Estate Agency" was created for convenient scheduling of employees. The system stores and processes information, as well as generates output documents.

The program was developed in Microsoft Office 2007 Access. Initially, the program occupies 2MB, as the database fills up, the program will take up more space on the hard drive. The information system has 7 forms. Their name and description are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 - description of reference forms

Form name	Form description
	Main form. Opens at startup
	Drafted contracts
	List of clients
Real estate	List of eligible properties
Operations	List of operations
	List of workers
	Button form. Confirm exit from the program

2.3 Test case

To check the operability of the information system "Real Estate Agency", a test case was developed that checks the functionality of the system.

We launch the information system, this is a *. accdb (Figure 7).

Figure 7 - program launch

After starting the program asks for a password, the window is shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8 - password request

After entering the correct password, the main form is launched (it is the program menu), shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9 - menu form

Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 show the Contract, Workers, Customers, Operations, and Real Estate forms, respectively.

Figure 10 - "Agreement"

Figure 11 - "Workers"

Figure 12 - "Clients"

Figure 13 - "Operations"

Figure 14 - "Real Estate"

2.4 User manual

This program should allow users of the information system "real estate agency" to enter and edit information. The program should perform the following functions: enter and edit information about real estate, agency clients and employees, generate and send output documents for printing.

The main actions available to the user of this information system are listed in Table 7.

Table 7 - user manual

Operation	User action	Program action
Program launch	To run the program, you need to run the file "IS Real Estate Agency. accdb"	A password entry window will appear on the screen.
Password entry	You must enter the correct password to enter	If the password is correct, the main form of IP will open
	The user views the form of drawn up contracts, it is also possible to add/delete new entries.
	The user views the form of agency employees, it is also possible to add/delete new entries.	Data is automatically entered into the database
	The user views the agency's clients form, and it is also possible to add/delete new records.	Data is automatically entered into the database
Operations	The user views the form of possible real estate agency transactions.	Entering the selected operation in the "contract" form
Real estate	The user views the form for providing real estate options by the agency.	Entering the selected type of property in the "agreement" form
	In the main menu, the user pressed the "Exit" button	The program activates a button form with options: YES and NO
Option "No"	The user selected the "NO" button	The program returns to the main form
Option "Yes"	The user selected the "YES" button	Application closes

Conclusion

In the process of developing a course project on the discipline "Development and operation of information systems", new features and functions of Microsoft Access 2007 were independently studied, for example: setting a protection password, creating push-button forms, autorun forms.

The development of the information system "Real Estate Agency" contributed to the systematization and consolidation of the skills acquired in the disciplines "Databases", "Development and operation of information systems", "Computer graphics".

This information system is designed for easy input and editing, storage of information. The program has a convenient and intuitive interface, performs such functions as query execution, adding / deleting records, printing received reports.

Consolidation of skills occurs in the course of solving the task - developing a business process, creating a database, testing and debugging an information system.

The completion of the course project was the writing of an explanatory note, during the writing of which the skills of preparing reports were also fixed.

Bibliography

1. Website http://office. microsoft.com/en-us/training/CR101582831049. aspx;

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Real estate activity is developing every year, there are more and more firms involved in the purchase and sale of real estate. Employees of such enterprises are forced to bear the high costs of programs to attract new customers and to advertise their activities, without getting the desired result. Restrictions on the amount of information posted in the types of advertising used do not provide clients with sufficient information, as a result of which employees have to spend a lot of time consulting clients on their own. The main clients are persons who have already used the services of the company, or who have contacted the company on the recommendation of their friends. When there is no obvious pattern in the arrival of customers to the company, it is worth thinking about an additional advertising platform to attract customers.

The Internet will serve as the most effective means of building a corporate image and will create unlimited opportunities to attract customers. The presence of its own web-representation will also be an indicator of the openness of the company and its stability. Regularly updating or supplementing the site with new information saves a lot of money compared to if all this information had to be provided to the client in paper form. Web-representation is the basis of operational interaction with the firm's clients. Regular customers will always be aware of all the events of the company. With the attraction of new customers, the number of completed transactions is growing, which directly affects the increase in the company's profits. Thus, the optimal solution for improving the efficiency of the company and increasing its profits is the creation of an information web-representation. The development of a web-representation of the company is a serious support in creating a competitive image, a means of bringing the company to a new level.

The main goal of a web-representation is to increase the company's profit by attracting new customers and increasing the number of transactions.

In order to determine what information the developed web-representation will contain and how it should be designed, the sites of several real estate agencies were considered. For analysis were taken as sites Russian companies, and the site of a foreign company.

The following factors influenced the choice of sites for analysis:

The duration of the site;

Site traffic.

Of the Russian companies, web-representations of the following companies were analyzed: Title DV (Vladivostok), Zhilfond (Siberia), Dom.Com (Khabarovsk), Inkom-Nedvizhimost (Moscow), as well as foreign web-representation "Local-n-Global Realty" (USA, Cleveland, Ohio) .

After studying these sites, it became known that they:

Includes a list of services provided and a database of apartments;

Provide feedback.

It was noted that not all sites have the ability to conveniently search for apartments according to the client's parameters. Also, not all of the considered resources have the possibility of filling out an application for the purchase or sale of an apartment. None of the reviewed sites had a section where users can leave feedback about the company. Although this would be an additional plus for raising the status of any company.

When creating a web-representation for a real estate agency, strong and weak sides reviewed sites in order to take the most advantageous position against the background of similar companies. Based on the results of the analysis, the structure of the information content was determined. To determine the compliance of the information content of the web-representation and the needs of potential users, a survey was conducted through the thematic group on real estate in the social network "Vkontakte", in which 150 people took part. Questions of the questionnaire concerned the structure of the site, sections, content, organization of feedback.

Based on the analysis of web-representations of companies providing real estate services, and the results of the survey, the structure of the web-representation was developed (Figure 1)

Picture 1 - Structural scheme main sections of web-representation

The developed web-representation will contain sections: "Main", "About the company", "Apartments", "Services", "Tariffs", "Application", "Reviews", "Contacts", "Partners" and "News".

The survey showed what structure the main page of the site should have, what information should be placed on it and how to organize site navigation in order to provide visitors with the convenience of using the site. Logic diagram home page The web-representation of the real estate agency was developed taking into account the results of the analysis, the survey and the requirements of the company's management (Figure 2).

Figure 2 - Logical diagram of the main page of the web-representation

The menu on the site will be located both in the left block and at the top of the site. This will allow you to adapt to any user, providing ease of navigation. In the header of the site there is a logo and contact information about the agency, in the center - welcome information about the company of an advertising nature, on the right - information about the company's partners and news, below - copyright.

To choose the best engine for creating a web-representation, it was decided to turn to the OpenStat analytical service, which every year monitors the popularity of various paid and free automatic platforms for creating and maintaining sites.

In addition to the study of the national domain zones of Runet, Bynet and Uanet, the list of surveyed resources includes sites of other domain zones, which are massively visited by Russian-speaking users. The total number of analyzed domains is 5.5 million . Table 1 presents the rating of automatic platforms for creating and maintaining websites at the beginning of 2014.

	CMS
	Joomla
	WordPress
	1C-Bitrix
	Drupal

The leaders of CMS (content management systems) at the beginning of 2014 were Joomla, WordPress, 1C-Bitrix and Drupal.

The shares were distributed according to the coverage of sites. All listed leaders have been on the market for at least 10 years.

For clarity, a CMS rating chart was built (Figure 3).

Obviously, the majority of CMS users choose WordPress and Joomla, from which we can conclude that they are satisfied with the work of these products. The further choice depended on the specifics of the site being developed. WordPress is mainly used to create blogs and forums, so the Joomla 2.5 CMS was chosen as the web representation development environment. Although this is not latest version, it has a number of advantages, the most important of which is the volume of literature on the use of this CMS, including many useful video tutorials.

The commercial meaning of creating a web-representation comes down to unloading the company's personnel working with clients (reducing the cost of telephone consultations) by posting the services provided and other relevant information on the company's website. As well as a significant reduction in the volume of operations to collect information about the requirements of customers and apartments for sale.

The developed web-representation will help the real estate agency to solve the following tasks: announcement about the company on the Internet; round-the-clock provision of complete and up-to-date information to customers; the expansion of the customer base; organization of customer feedback; providing constant advertising with wide opportunities; simplifying the work of employees; improving the status of the company and its competitiveness.